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AAPC CPC Exam Breakdown: Your Comprehensive Guide to Success
Are you dreaming of becoming a certified professional coder? The AAPC CPC exam stands as a significant hurdle on that path, but with the right preparation, success is within your reach. This comprehensive AAPC CPC exam breakdown will equip you with the knowledge and strategies you need to conquer the exam and launch your medical coding career. We’ll delve into the exam format, content areas, effective study strategies, and resources to help you confidently navigate this crucial step.
I. Understanding the AAPC CPC Exam Format
The AAPC Certified Professional Coder (CPC) exam is a computer-based test designed to evaluate your understanding of medical coding principles and practices. It's a rigorous assessment, demanding a deep understanding of the intricacies of ICD-10-CM, CPT, and HCPCS coding systems. Let's break down the key aspects:
Number of Questions: The exam typically consists of 150 multiple-choice questions.
Time Limit: You'll have approximately six hours to complete the exam. This generous timeframe allows for careful consideration of each question, but efficient time management is still critical.
Passing Score: The AAPC doesn't publicly release the exact passing score, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive preparation rather than focusing on a specific target.
Question Types: Expect a variety of question formats, including scenarios requiring you to select the most appropriate code based on detailed medical records. Careful analysis and understanding of medical terminology are paramount.
Exam Sections: While not explicitly divided into sections, the exam comprehensively tests your knowledge across various medical specialties and coding systems.
II. Core Content Areas of the AAPC CPC Exam
The AAPC CPC exam covers a wide range of medical coding topics. Mastering these key areas is essential for success:
ICD-10-CM Coding: This forms a significant portion of the exam. You need a thorough understanding of diagnostic coding principles, including the use of chapters, codes, and modifiers. Practice identifying the correct ICD-10-CM codes from detailed medical reports.
CPT Coding: This involves understanding procedural codes, including evaluation and management (E/M), surgery, and other medical procedures. Mastering the nuances of CPT coding is vital for accurate billing and reimbursement.
HCPCS Level II Coding: This section tests your knowledge of HCPCS codes, primarily used for supplies, procedures, and services not covered by CPT codes. Familiarize yourself with the specific applications of HCPCS codes.
Medical Terminology and Anatomy: A solid foundation in medical terminology and anatomy is crucial for interpreting medical reports and selecting the correct codes. Invest time in building and strengthening your knowledge in this area.
Modifiers: Understand how modifiers affect code selection and reimbursement. Know when and how to apply modifiers appropriately based on the given scenario.
Coding Guidelines: Familiarity with coding guidelines issued by the AMA and other relevant organizations is essential for accurate code selection. Pay close attention to the specific guidelines associated with each code system.
Reimbursement and Compliance: You’ll need to understand the basics of medical billing and reimbursement, along with compliance regulations. This knowledge ensures you are selecting codes that are accurate and adhere to legal and ethical standards.
III. Effective Study Strategies for the AAPC CPC Exam
Effective preparation is the key to passing the AAPC CPC exam. Consider these strategies:
Structured Study Plan: Create a detailed study plan, allocating sufficient time to each content area. Consistent study, even in shorter sessions, is more effective than cramming.
Practice, Practice, Practice: Utilize practice exams and coding exercises to build your confidence and identify areas needing improvement. Simulate exam conditions as closely as possible.
Utilize AAPC Resources: The AAPC offers a wealth of resources, including study materials, practice exams, and online courses. Take advantage of these valuable tools.
Join a Study Group: Studying with others can provide support, motivation, and opportunities for collaborative learning.
Seek Mentorship: A mentor with CPC certification can offer guidance and address specific challenges you encounter.
Focus on Weak Areas: Identify your weak areas through practice and dedicate extra time to those topics.
Stay Updated: Medical coding is constantly evolving. Keep yourself updated with the latest coding guidelines and updates.
IV. Recommended Resources for AAPC CPC Exam Preparation
Several resources can significantly aid your preparation:
AAPC Study Manuals: The official AAPC study manuals provide in-depth coverage of all exam topics.
AAPC Practice Exams: Practice exams help you assess your progress and familiarize yourself with the exam format.
Coding Software: Many software programs offer interactive coding exercises and simulations.
Online Courses: Several reputable online platforms provide AAPC CPC prep courses.
V. AAPC CPC Exam Breakdown: Sample Study Plan Outline
Name: Conquering the CPC: A Comprehensive Study Plan
Introduction: Overview of the CPC exam, format, and importance. Setting realistic study goals and timelines.
Chapter 1: Foundational Knowledge: Medical terminology, anatomy, physiology, and basic medical billing practices.
Chapter 2: ICD-10-CM Coding: In-depth coverage of ICD-10-CM coding rules, guidelines, and practice exercises. Focus on common diagnostic categories.
Chapter 3: CPT Coding: Detailed exploration of CPT coding, including E/M coding, surgical coding, and other procedural codes. Practice with various scenarios.
Chapter 4: HCPCS Level II Coding: Understanding HCPCS codes, their applications, and distinctions from CPT codes. Practice with real-world examples.
Chapter 5: Modifiers and Coding Guidelines: Detailed explanation of modifiers and how they impact code selection. Comprehensive review of coding guidelines from various sources.
Chapter 6: Compliance and Reimbursement: Overview of compliance regulations, billing processes, and reimbursement methodologies.
Chapter 7: Practice Exams and Review: Multiple practice exams to test knowledge and identify weak areas. Thorough review of all study materials.
Conclusion: Strategies for exam day, managing test anxiety, and planning for post-exam success.
(The following sections would expand on each chapter of the sample study plan outlined above, providing detailed explanations and practical examples. Due to the length limitations, I cannot provide the full expansion here. Each chapter would require several hundred words of detailed content, including illustrative examples and practice exercises.)
FAQs
1. How long does it take to prepare for the AAPC CPC exam? The required preparation time varies greatly depending on your prior knowledge and study habits. A dedicated study plan of 3-6 months is generally recommended.
2. What is the cost of the AAPC CPC exam? The exam fee is subject to change and should be checked on the AAPC website.
3. Can I retake the exam if I fail? Yes, you can retake the exam after a waiting period specified by the AAPC.
4. What are the job prospects after passing the CPC exam? A CPC certification significantly enhances job prospects in medical coding and billing.
5. What study materials are recommended for the AAPC CPC exam? AAPC study manuals, practice exams, and coding software are highly recommended.
6. Are there any free resources available for CPC exam preparation? While free resources may be limited, the AAPC website offers some free study materials.
7. How long is the CPC certification valid? The certification is valid for two years, requiring recertification to maintain it.
8. What is the pass rate for the AAPC CPC exam? The AAPC doesn't publicly release the exact pass rate.
9. How can I find a mentor to help me prepare? Networking with other medical coders and reaching out to AAPC chapters can assist in finding a mentor.
Related Articles:
1. AAPC CPC Exam Study Guide: A detailed overview of the exam content and recommended study materials.
2. Mastering ICD-10-CM for the AAPC CPC Exam: A focused guide on ICD-10-CM coding for the exam.
3. Conquering CPT Coding for the AAPC CPC Exam: Strategies and practice exercises for CPT coding.
4. Effective Time Management for the AAPC CPC Exam: Tips and techniques for efficient exam preparation and test-taking.
5. Understanding HCPCS Level II Codes for the CPC Exam: A detailed explanation of HCPCS codes and their application.
6. Decoding Medical Terminology for the CPC Exam: Strategies for mastering medical terminology crucial for coding.
7. Top 5 Tips for AAPC CPC Exam Success: Quick tips to improve your exam performance.
8. AAPC CPC Exam Review: Common Mistakes to Avoid: Identification and solutions to common mistakes made during the exam.
9. Career Paths for Certified Professional Coders (CPCs): Exploring job opportunities after earning your CPC certification.
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: CPC Exam Questions (300 Questions with Full Answer Key and Rationale) The Coders Choice LLC, 2018-02-27 The CPC exam is comprised of 150 multiple-choice questions. The test takes five hours and 40 minutes to complete, making it fairly rigorous. There are two breaks in the middle of the test. The CPC exam costs $300 to take, but only $260 if the test-taker is a member of the AAPC (annual dues are $125 for individuals and $70 for students).The CPC exam thoroughly tests a coder's grasp of the entire coding process, from medical terminology to code sets and beyond. Per the AAPC's website, the CPC exam covers 24 subject areas, including anesthesia, radiology, and medicine.You should recognize a number of these (like Evaluation and Management, or Radiology) as sections of the CPT code manual. Others, like Anatomy and Physiology, are parts of the coder's everyday skill set.You should note that the questions on the exam are not divided or identified by the topic they are related to. That is, questions on the CPC exam will test you on all of the above 24 fields of medical coding, but they won't outright say, This is an anesthesia question. Instead they'll just ask you about anesthesia, or surgery, or human anatomy.During the test, you'll be presented with a number of tests cases pertaining to the practice of coding. These test case questions will present you with a condensed medical report and ask you to select the correct set of codes from the answers below.For instance, a test case question might read:Sarah, a 45-year-old patient, visits the doctor and presents symptoms including a sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, and a fever. After performing a rapid strep test, the doctor confirms a diagnosis of streptococcal sore throat. The doctor prescribes an Amoxicillin as an antibiotic. Which of the following are the correct codes for this diagnosis, procedure and prescription?There are also general knowledge questions, like Which types of joints are synovial? that don't have an attached test case. That question's related to the musculoskeletal system, but the test won't come right out and say so. You'll have to rely on your knowledge of code sets, medical terminology, best practices, and the coding process in general to pass.Individuals who earn a score of 70 percent or better (105 correct questions) will pass the CPC exam. If you fail your first test, you are allowed one free retake.GETTING CERTIFIEDOnce you pass the CPC exam, you are not officially certified by the AAPC until you fulfill a few other criteria. In order to complete a CPC certification, you must become a member of the AAPC. Certification is also limited to coders with two years of professional experience or those willing to complete an apprentice program.As such, the CPC exam is recommended for individuals who have already started their coding career. That won't prevent us from going over the basics of this important exam. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: CPC Certification Study Guide Deborah Grider, G. John Verhovshek, 2010-12-16 Packed with test-taking tips and techniques, the 2011 2011 CPC® CERTIFICATION STUDY GUIDE delivers a comprehensive review that helps you maximize your success on the AAPC CPC Certification Exam. The study guide begins with a complete summary of the business of medicine, ensuring you have a solid understanding of the medical office and the role the coder plays in the medical office. This study guide covers ICD-9-CM guidelines using real-life examples and each body system is reviewed, including coverage of the anatomy, related diagnosis coding, CPT® coding, HCPCS Level II coding, and modifiers. The end-of-chapter questions are modeled after those on the actual certification exam to help you prepare, while operative notes give you hands-on experience coding what you have learned. Finally, the 2011 CPC® Certification Study Guide contains additional testing techniques and a 35-question practice exam for students to put their skills to the test. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Official CPC Certification Study Guide American Academy of Professional Coders, 2014-12-02 Packed with test-taking tips and techniques, the OFFICIAL CPC CERTIFICATION STUDY GUIDE delivers a current and comprehensive review that helps you maximize your success on the AAPC CPC Certification Exam. The guide begins with a complete summary of the business of medicine, giving you a solid understanding of the medical office and the role of the coder. It covers ICD-9-CM guidelines using real-life examples. Each body system is reviewed, including coverage of anatomy, related diagnosis coding, CPT coding, HCPCS Level II coding, and modifiers. End-of-chapter questions are modeled after those on the actual certification exam, while operative notes give you hands-on experience coding what you have learned. Additional testing techniques and an end-of-guide practice exam lets you put your skills to the test. Important Notice: Media content referenced within the product description or the product text may not be available in the ebook version. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: CPC Practice Exam 2021 Kristy L Rodecker, Gunnar Bengtsson, 2021-01-04 150 question CPC practice exam designed to mirror the actual AAPC CPC exam. This practice exam and study guide has the same basic structure and category divisions with questions very similar to those found on the real exam. The answer to each question also includes a detailed rationale. Updated for 2021 Will definitely help you pass the CPC exam issued by the AAPC, and is also helpful if you are taking the CCS exam by AHIMA. Don't let your dream of becoming a Certified Professional Coder pass you by! The medical billing and coding exam is not easy to pass, and this book will help you feel less intimidated when taking the test - you will feel like you've already taken it. Questions Subject 1-10Medical Terminology 11-20Anatomy 21-30Coding Concepts 31-40ICD-10-CM 41-45HCPCS 46-51E/M 99202-99499 52-61Anesthesia 00100-01999 62-71Integumentary 10021-19499 72-80Musculoskeletal 20005-29999 81-90Respiratory, Cardiovascular, Hemic and Lymphatic, Mediastinum and Diaphragm 30000-39599 91-100Digestive 40490-49999 101-110Urinary, Male and Female Genital Systems, Maternity Care and Delivery 50010-59899 111-120Endocrine, Nervous, Ocular and Auditory Systems 60000-69990 121-130Radiology 70010-79999 131-140Pathology and Laboratory 80047-89398 141-150Medicine 90281-99607 |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: CPC Exam Study Guide Medical Billing & Coding Prep Team, Spire Study System, CPC Test Prep Team, 2020-07-22 |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: CPT Professional 2022 American Medical Association, 2021-09-17 CPT(R) 2022 Professional Edition is the definitive AMA-authored resource to help healthcare professionals correctly report and bill medical procedures and services. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Ultimate Cpc Examination Bundle The Coders Choice LLC, 2018-05-23 When it comes to getting a coding certification, the American Association of Professional Coder (AAPC)'s Certified Professional Coder (CPC) exam is one of the most well known. You'll need to be highly prepared for a test as intense and extensive as the CPC exam, which takes almost six hours to complete. In this section, we'll teach you the basics of the exam and provide you with valuable study techniques and test-taking strategies. We'll also go over each of the 24 sections that the CPC exam focuses on, meaning you'll know what to expect when it comes time to get certified.There are many areas of study that you must have a solid understanding of in order to successfully pass the CPC. It is important not to get overwhelmed once you open the test booklet -- just remember to focus on coding conventions and guidelines and don't get sidetracked in the minutia.The following list is a mini breakdown of the areas of study you should ensure you have a thorough understanding of prior to sitting for the exam:Medical terminology: Prefixes/suffixes used for naming medical conditions/proceduresHCPCS: Alphanumeric designated codes that identify supplies/drugs/temporary codesModifiers: Two-digit suffix appended to the end of a code to indicate additional services/providers/statusesICD-10-CM: Diagnosis code reporting for physician and outpatient, coding conventions and guidelines for reporting of illnesses/conditions/accidents/injuries, and moreE&M (Evaluation and Management Visit Codes): Know what visit codes are used in each outpatient or inpatient setting.Anesthesia Section: Understand the types of anesthesia -- general/regional/local anesthesia/conscious sedation.Radiology Section: X-rays/diagnostic imaging/MRI/PET scan/ ultrasound/nuclear medicinePath & Lab Section: Testing and identification of disease/infections/etiologyMedicine Section: Covers various procedures for all other medical specialtiesBody Systems:Integumentary SystemMusculoskeletal SystemRespiratory SystemCardiovascular SystemDigestive SystemUrinary SystemReproductive SystemEndocrine/Nervous SystemEye/Ear System |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: CCA Exam Study Guide Medical Coding Pro, 2018-03-26 The CCA Exam Study Guide - 2018 Edition includes a 100 question mock exam with answers and rationale, Medical Terminology, Common Anatomy, Tips to passing the exam, Secrets To Reducing Exam Stress, and Scoring Sheets. It is designed for students preparing for the Certified Coding Associate (CCA) certification exam. ***** Look at what some students had to say after using our practice exams ***** I purchased your product (a practice exam and the strategies to pass) before sitting for the exam. I received my results yesterday. I PASSED! I used all of the strategies you recommended which made all the difference in the world. Thank you so much!!! - Heather T. This is very good... I used your practice exam bundle and passed the first time. I also recommended this to others preparing for the test in our organization. They ordered and felt it was of great value. - Linda B, CPC. I purchased your practice exam package and think it's great. Using your tips, I passed. - Elizabeth H. I am thrilled to report that I passed my exam on December 12th! - Kathleen C. Your test was amazing, it help me out a lot. - Vickey L. Well the practice test helped me pass my exam. I got he good news last week! - Erica J. I wanted to thank you for the practice exam. Your exam really helped me work on timing... - Mark T. Woooohooooo, I passed! Thanks for all your hints and practice exams to help me pass. Wow I am glad that's over. Thanks again! - Deanna A. I did purchase the practice exam from you before the new year and I passed... I found out literally New Years eve! Thanks for the great exam! - Sabrina. I took the exam Dec. 7. As a matter of fact, I did pass the exam and your practice exam helped. Thanks! Go ahead and list my name in your Certified Coders section. - Lester B. I have passed the exam and thank you for all of your help with the preparation materials. - Victoria S. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: CPC Practice Exam Questions Tbd, Trivium, 2020-08-24 Updated for the CPC's 2021 exam, Trivium Test Prep's unofficial NEW CPC Practice Exam Questions: Prep Book with Practice Test Questions for the Certified Professional Coder Examination provides you with a quick but total review of everything tested on the exam with real examples, graphics, and information. This isn't just another typical practice test book: because we know your time is limited, we've created a product that isn't like most study guides. Our study materials give you that extra edge you need to pass the first time. AAPC was not involved in the creation or production of this product, is not in any way affiliated with Trivium Test Prep, and does not sponsor or endorse this product. Trivium Test Prep's CPC Practice Exam Questions has 240 practice questions on: Anesthesia Radiology Medicine Anatomy and Physiology Practice Management ICD-9-CM Coding Guidelines Pathology About Trivium Test Prep Trivium Test Prep is an independent test prep study guide company that produces and prints all of our books right here in the USA. Our dedicated professionals know how people think and learn, and have created our test prep products based on what research has shown to be the fastest, easiest, and most effective way to prepare for the exam. Unlike other study guides that are stamped out in a generic fashion, our study materials are specifically tailored for your exact needs. We offer a comprehensive set of guides guaranteed to raise your score for exams from every step of your education; from high school, to college or the military, to graduate school. Let our study guides guide you along the path to the professional career of your dreams! |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Medical Terminology Chase Hassen, 2015-12-10 Free eBook Included! |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: CPC Exam Study Guide - 2020 Edition Medical Coding Pro, 2020-01-10 The CPC Exam Study Guide 2020 Edition has been updated for 2020! It includes a 150 question practice exam, answers with full rationale, Medical Terminology, Common Anatomy, The Exam Study Guide, and Scoring Sheets. It is designed for students preparing for the medical coding certification exam after January 1, 2020.***** Look at what some students had to say after using our practice exams ***** I just wanted to let you know that I was preparing for the CPC exam and took a practice exam and only made a 70%. I was somewhat skeptical of purchasing your strategies and practice in fear it would not help. Reluctantly, I purchased your product (a practice exam and the strategies to pass) before sitting for the CPC exam. I received my results yesterday. I MADE A 92! I used all of the strategies you recommended (time management, highlighting, etc), which made all the difference in the world. Thank you so much!!! - Heather T. Great practice test... I passed the AAPC test the first try! - Natalia Great guide. It helped me pass the Certification Exam the first time! - Dianne L. Bartos This book was well worth my money. The exam tips were absolutely golden. No video on youtube can compare to the tips this book contains. When taking the actual CPC exam, I applied all of the tips that I had learned from this study guide. It helped me to manage my time well. Thanks to this study guide and a lot of studying, and a lot of prayer, I was able to pass the real exam with an 81 on my first try. I highly recommend this if you are looking to take the test soon. - Gia Q This is very good... I used your practice exam bundle and passed the first time. I also recommended this to others preparing for the test in our organization. They ordered and felt it was of great value. I especially appreciated the explanation for the answers which helped me learn while I corrected the test. When I took the practice test, I set a timer for 5 hr 40 min. and was able to complete in 3 hours with a score of 89%. - Linda B, CPC. I purchased your practice exam package and think it's great. Using your tips, I completed all 150 questions in 297 minutes and scored an 84%. - Elizabeth H. I am thrilled to report Greg that I passed my CPC Exam on December 12th! - Kathleen C.Your test was amazing, it help me out a lot. - Vickey L.Well the practice test helped me pass my CPC exam. I got he good news last week! - Erica J. I wanted to thank you for the CPC practice exam. Thanks to the practice I was able to pass the CPC and CCA exams on the first take. Your exam really helped me work on timing and the lab questions were especially helpful. - Mark T. Woooohooooo, I passed! I also went for the Medical Administration certificate and passed that as well. Thanks for all your hints and practice exams to help me pass. Wow I am glad that's over. Thanks again! - Deanna A. I did purchase the practice exam from you before the new year and I passed my CPC. I found out literally new years eve! Thanks for the great exam! - Sabrina. I took the CPC exam Dec. 7. As a matter of fact, I did pass the CPC exam and your practice exam helped. Thanks! Go ahead and list my name in your Certified Coders section. - Lester B. I have passed the CPC and thank you for all of your help with the preparation materials. - Victoria S. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Medical Coding Shelley C. Safian, 2017-11 Updated for 2018 ICD-10 guidelines, this 6 page laminated guide covers core essentials of coding clearly and succinctly. Author Shelley C. Safian, PhD, RHIA, CCS-P, COC, CPC-I, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer used her knowledge and experience to provide the largest number of valuable facts you can find in 6 pages, designed so that answers can be found fast with color coded sections, and bulleted lists. A must for students seeking coding certification and a great desktop refresher for professionals. 6-page laminated guide includes: General Coding & Legal Guidelines Coding Tips Conditions & Diagnoses Diagnosis Coding Pathology & Laboratory Reimbursement & Billing Tips Coding Evaluation & Management Services ICD-10 Terms, Notations & Symbols Wounds & Injuries Important Resources Anesthesia, Surgery & Radiology Diagnostic Coding |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: 2021 ICD-10-CM Expert Aapc, 2020-09 |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: OSCE and Clinical Skills Handbook Katrina F. Hurley, Katrina F. Hurley, MD MHI FRCPC (Director Medical Informatics Faculty of Medicine Dalhousie University), 2011 This study guide for medical students preparing for clinical skills examinations covers all key areas, as well as presenting the information in a 'question and answer' format, designed to facilitate both individual and group study. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Buck's Step-By-Step Medical Coding, 2021 Edition Elsevier, 2020-12-15 |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: ICD-10-CM 2021: The Complete Official Codebook with Guidelines American Medical Association, 2020-09-20 ICD-10-CM 2021: The Complete Official Codebook provides the entire updated code set for diagnostic coding, organized to make the challenge of accurate coding easier. This codebook is the cornerstone for establishing medical necessity, determining coverage and ensuring appropriate reimbursement. Each of the 21 chapters in the Tabular List of Diseases and Injuries is organized to provide quick and simple navigation to facilitate accurate coding. The book also contains supplementary appendixes including a coding tutorial, pharmacology listings, a list of valid three-character codes and additional information on Z-codes for long-term drug use and Z-codes that can only be used as a principal diagnosis. Official coding guidelines for 2021 are bound into this codebook. FEATURES AND BENEFITS Full list of code changes. Quickly see the complete list of new, revised, and deleted codes affecting the FY 2021 codes, including a conversion table and code changes by specialty. QPP symbol in the tabular section. The symbol identifies diagnosis codes associated with Quality Payment Program (QPP) measures under MACRA. New and updated coding tips. Obtain insight into coding for physician and outpatient settings. New and updated definitions in the tabular listing. Assign codes with confidence based on illustrations and definitions designed to highlight key components of the disease process or injury and provide better understanding of complex diagnostic terms. Intuitive features and format. This edition includes full-color illustrations and visual alerts, including color-coding and symbols that identify coding notes and instructions, additional character requirements, codes associated with CMS hierarchical condition categories (HCC), Medicare Code Edits (MCEs), manifestation codes, other specified codes, and unspecified codes. Placeholder X. This icon alerts the coder to an important ICD-10-CM convention--the use of a placeholder X for three-, four- and five-character codes requiring a seventh character extension. Coding guideline explanations and examples. Detailed explanations and examples related to application of the ICD-10-CM chapter guidelines are provided at the beginning of each chapter in the tabular section. Muscle/tendon translation table. This table is used to determine muscle/tendon action (flexor, extensor, other), which is a component of codes for acquired conditions and injuries affecting the muscles and tendons Index to Diseases and Injuries. Shaded guides to show indent levels for subentries. Appendices. Supplement your coding knowledge with information on proper coding practices, risk adjustment coding, pharmacology, and Z codes. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: ICD-9-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting , 1991 |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Step-By-Step Medical Coding, 2017 Edition Carol J. Buck, 2016-12-06 Resource ordered for the Health Information Technology program 105301. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Medical Terminology & Anatomy for ICD-10 Coding - E-Book Betsy J. Shiland, 2014-09-18 NEW! Pharmacology in each body system and a Pharmacology Basics appendix help you recognize drugs and medications in medical reports. NEW! More than 50 new images bring terminology to life. NEW! Additional procedural terms supply a more complete picture of the number and kind of procedures you will encounter on medical reports. NEW! Normal Lab Values appendix familiarizes you with normal and abnormal lab values so you know when to search a medical record for possible additional diagnoses. NEW! Tablet and mobile-optimized Evolve activities offer an easily accessible source for extra interactive practice and learning. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Buck's Medical Coding Online for Step-By-Step Medical Coding, 2022 Edition (Access Code, Textbook and Workbook Package) Elsevier, 2021-12-30 |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Mohs Micrographic Surgery Stephen N. Snow, George R. Mikhail, 2004 Mohs Micrographic Surgery, an advanced treatment procedure for skin cancer, offers the highest potential for recovery--even if the skin cancer has been previously treated. This procedure is a state-of-the-art treatment in which the physician serves as surgeon, pathologist, and reconstructive surgeon. It relies on the accuracy of a microscope to trace and ensure removal of skin cancer down to its roots. This procedure allows dermatologists trained in Mohs Surgery to see beyond the visible disease and to precisely identify and remove the entire tumor, leaving healthy tissue unharmed. This procedure is most often used in treating two of the most common forms of skin cancer: basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. The cure rate for Mohs Micrographic Surgery is the highest of all treatments for skin cancer--up to 99 percent even if other forms of treatment have failed. This procedure, the most exact and precise method of tumor removal, minimizes the chance of regrowth and lessens the potential for scarring or disfigurement |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting - FY 2021 (October 1, 2020 - September 30, 2021) Department Of Health And Human Services, 2020-09-06 These guidelines have been approved by the four organizations that make up the Cooperating Parties for the ICD-10-CM: the American Hospital Association (AHA), the American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA), CMS, and NCHS. These guidelines are a set of rules that have been developed to accompany and complement the official conventions and instructions provided within the ICD-10-CM itself. The instructions and conventions of the classification take precedence over guidelines. These guidelines are based on the coding and sequencing instructions in the Tabular List and Alphabetic Index of ICD-10-CM, but provide additional instruction. Adherence to these guidelines when assigning ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes is required under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). The diagnosis codes (Tabular List and Alphabetic Index) have been adopted under HIPAA for all healthcare settings. A joint effort between the healthcare provider and the coder is essential to achieve complete and accurate documentation, code assignment, and reporting of diagnoses and procedures. These guidelines have been developed to assist both the healthcare provider and the coder in identifying those diagnoses that are to be reported. The importance of consistent, complete documentation in the medical record cannot be overemphasized. Without such documentation accurate coding cannot be achieved. The entire record should be reviewed to determine the specific reason for the encounter and the conditions treated. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Risk Adjustment Documentation and Coding Sheri Poe Bernard, 2020-03-02 Risk-adjustment practices consider chronic diseases as predictors of future health care needs and expenses. Correct and detailed documentation and compliant diagnosis coding are critical for proper risk adjustment. Risk Adjustment Documentation & Coding, 2nd Edition provides: Risk-adjustment parameters to improve documentation related to severity of illness and chronic diseases. Code abstraction guidelines and recommendations to improve diagnostic coding accuracy without causing financial harm to the practice or health facility. Chronic disease ICD-10-CM coding summaries for quick reference and study. The impact of risk-adjustment coding (hierarchical condition category (HCC) coding) on a practice should not be underestimated: More than 75 million Americans are enrolled in risk-adjusted insurance plans. This population represents more than 20% of those insured in the United States. Insurance risk pools under the Affordable Care Act include risk adjustment. CMS has proposed expanding audits on risk-adjustment coding. FEATURES AND BENEFITS Five chapters delivering an overview of risk adjustment, common administrative errors, best practices, and guidance for development of internal risk-adjustment coding policies. Ten chronic disease ICD-10-CM coding summaries for quick reference and study. Two appendices offering mappings and tabular information of ICD-10-CM codes that risk-adjust to HCCs and RxHCCs. Learning and design features: Vocabulary terms highlighted within the text and defined at the bottom of the page. Advice/Alert Notes that highlight important coding and documentation advice from federal regulatory sources. Sidebars that provide derivative story and additional information, such as Coding Tips that guide coders with practical advice from sources like AHA's Coding Clinic and cautionary notes about conflicts and exceptions Clinical Examples that underscore key documentation issues for risk adjustment Clinical Coding Examples that provide snippets or full encounter notes and codes to illustrate risk-adjustment coding and documentation concepts Documentation tips that highlight recommendations to physicians regarding what should be included in the medical record or how ICD-10-CM may classify specific terms Examples that explain difficult concepts and promote understanding of those concepts as they relate to a section FYI call outs that provide quick facts Abstract & Code It! exercises that test diagnosis abstraction and coding skills (exclusive to Chapter 4) Extensive end-of-chapter Evaluate Your Understanding sections that include multiple-choice questions, true-or false questions, audit and Internet-based exercises. Two downloadable course tests and slide presentations for each chapter. Exclusive content for academic educators: A test bank containing 100 questions and a mock risk-adjustment certification exam with 150 questions. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Certified Coding Associate (CCA) Exam Prep, 3rd Edition Dorine Bennett, Kathy Dorale, 2012-09-14 Certified Coding Associate (CCA) Exam Preparation provides ICD-9-CM and CPTr practice you need to face the CCA certification exam with confidence. The practice exams and practice questions included on the accompanying CD-ROM simulate the exam experience and provide opportunities to apply your knowledge and skills. This edition is updated based on ICD-9-CM codes effective October 1, 2011, and CPT codes effective January 1, 2012. CCA Exam Preparation includes general exam information and covers the following CCA domains: Domain 1: Classification Systems Domain 2: Reimbursement Methodologies? Domain 3: Health Records and Data Content? Domain 4: Compliance? Domain 5: Information Technology? Domain 6: Confidentiality and Privacy. Key Features: 200 multiple choice practice questions organized by CCA domains and tasks and two practice exams (100 questions each), Answer key w/ rationales and references All answers include rationales and references to enhance learning CD-ROM with three timed, self-scoring practice exams and the 200 practice questions. ------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------- |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: HCPCS Level II Professional , 2020-12 Accurately report supplies and services for physician, hospital outpatient, and ASC settings with the Ingenix HCPCS Level II Professional. Use this comprehensive reference for the HCPCS code set that focuses on management of reimbursement. Organized to enhance coding capability without added complexity, this user-friendly book provides coders with a reference to increase efficiency and reduce workload by helping them locate the right code the first time. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Cpc Coding Exam Review 2012 Carol J. Buck, 2011-12-09 Rev. ed. of: CPC coding exam review 2010 / Carol J. Buck, Cynthia Stahl. c2010. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Medical Record Chart Analyzer Deborah J. Grider, 2002 The quality of coding is an important factor in determining the financial health of a practice. When problems occur they must be solved quickly. But before they can be solved, they must be found. Medical Record Chart Analyzer includes medical record documentation with a systematic guide to the medical record review process for the physician's or outpatient office. Learning objectives are included at the beginning of most chapters to overview chapter content and help measure progress. Medical chart review and coding tips are located throughout the book. The application exercises allow the reader to master each topic one chapter at a time. Also included is a final examination to test documentation and auditing skills. By the end of the book, the reader will be able to conduct reviews independently. Authored by Deborah J. Grider, CPC, CPC-H, CCS-P, CCP, an experienced professional in the fields of reimbursement, procedural and diagnostic coding, medical practice management and compliance. Readers can earn up to 10 CEU credits from AAPC. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Series 7 Study Guide Series 7 Exam Prep Review Team, 2017-11-07 Series 7 Study Guide: Test Prep Manual & Practice Exam Questions for the FINRA Series 7 Licence Exam Developed for test takers trying to achieve a passing score on the Series 7 exam, this comprehensive study guide includes: -Quick Overview -Test-Taking Strategies -Introduction to the Series 7 Exam -Regulatory Requirements -Knowledge of Investor Profile -Opening and Maintaining Customer Accounts -Business Conduct Knowledge & Suitable Recommendations -Orders and Transactions in Customer Accounts -Professional Conduct and Ethical Considerations -Primary Marketplace -Secondary Marketplace -Principal Factors Affecting Securities, Markets, and Prices -Analysis of Securities and Markets -Equity Securities -Debt Securities -Packaged Securities and Managed Investments -Options -Retirement Plans -Custodial, Edcation, and Health Savings -Practice Questions -Detailed Answer Explanations Each section of the test has a comprehensive review that goes into detail to cover all of the content likely to appear on the Series 7 exam. The practice test questions are each followed by detailed answer explanations. If you miss a question, it's important that you are able to understand the nature of your mistake and how to avoid making it again in the future. The answer explanations will help you to learn from your mistakes and overcome them. Understanding the latest test-taking strategies is essential to preparing you for what you will expect on the exam. A test taker has to not only understand the material that is being covered on the test, but also must be familiar with the strategies that are necessary to properly utilize the time provided and get through the test without making any avoidable errors. Anyone planning to take the Series 7 exam should take advantage of the review material, practice test questions, and test-taking strategies contained in this study guide. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Medical Billing & Coding For Dummies Karen Smiley, 2024-09-24 The essential guide for medical billing professionals, updated for ICD-11 standards Medical Billing & Coding For Dummies will set you up for success in getting started as a medical biller and coder. To ensure data accuracy and efficient data processing, medical offices need professionally trained coders to handle records. This book provides prospective allied health professionals with everything they need to know to get started in medical billing and coding as a career. In addition to an introduction to the basics of medical coding, you'll get information on how to find a training course, meet certification requirements, and deal with government agencies and insurance companies. Learn about the standard practices in the medical billing industry and get up to speed on the ethical and legal issues you're likely to face on the job. This accessible guide is a great entry point—and a great refresher—for anyone interested in the medical billing and coding profession. Get a primer on your career options in the field of medical billing Learn coding practices for telehealth, viral outbreaks, and other emerging issues Update your knowledge of the changes between ICD-10 and ICD-11 coding systems Find training programs and explore your options for certification This Dummies guide is an accessible entry point for prospective professionals looking get a jump on their new career, and current professionals intent on staying up-to-date in this flexible and growing field. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Medical Billing and Coding For Dummies Karen Smiley, 2015-04-27 Your complete guide to a career in medical billing and coding, updated with the latest changes in the ICD-10 and PPS This fully updated second edition of Medical Billing & Coding For Dummies provides readers with a complete overview of what to expect and how to succeed in a career in medical billing and coding. With healthcare providers moving more rapidly to electronic record systems, data accuracy and efficient data processing is more important than ever. Medical Billing & Coding For Dummies gives you everything you need to know to get started in medical billing and coding. This updated resource includes details on the most current industry changes in ICD-10 (10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems) and PPS (Prospective Payment Systems), expanded coverage on the differences between EHRs and MHRs, the latest certification requirements and standard industry practices, and updated tips and advice for dealing with government agencies and insurance companies. Prepare for a successful career in medical billing and coding Get the latest updates on changes in the ICD-10 and PPS Understand how the industry is changing and learn how to stay ahead of the curve Learn about flexible employment options in this rapidly growing industry Medical Billing & Coding For Dummies, 2nd Edition provides aspiring professionals with detailed information and advice on what to expect in a billing and coding career, ways to find a training program, certification options, and ways to stay competitive in the field. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Step-by-Step Medical Coding 2009 Carol J. Buck, 2008-12 This money saving package includes Step-by-Step Medical Coding, 2009 Edition - Text and Virtual Medical Office. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Buck's 2023 Coding Exam Review - E-Book Elsevier, 2022-11-24 Prepare to succeed on your coding certification exam with Buck's Coding Exam Review 2023: The Physician and Facility Certification Step! This extensive exam review provides complete coverage of all topics included on the physician and facility coding certification exams — including anatomy, terminology, and pathophysiology for each body system; reimbursement issues; CPT, HCPCS, and ICD-10-CM/PCS coding; and more. Six full practice exams (with answers and rationales) simulate the testing experience and provide enough practice to reassure even the most insecure exam-taker. It's the only coding exam review you need! - UNIQUE! Six full practice exams on the Evolve companion website simulate the experience of taking the actual coding certification exams, allowing you to assess your strengths and weaknesses in order to develop a plan for focused study. - Full coverage and exam prep for facility and physician coding - Answers and rationales to questions on the practice exams let you check your work. - Concise outline format helps you access key information quickly and study more efficiently. - Mobile-optimized quick quizzes offer on-the-go practice with more than 350 medical terminology, pathophysiology, CPT, HCPCS, and ICD-10-CM questions. - Real-life coding reports simulate the reports that you will encounter on the job and challenge you to apply key coding principles to actual cases. - Test-taking tips in the Success Strategies section guide you step-by-step through the entire exam process. - NEW! Updated content features the latest coding information available, promoting accurate coding and success on the job. - NEW! Revised physician exam mimics the latest format changes to best simulate the exam experience. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Buck's Coding Exam Review 2021 Elsevier, 2020-11-11 Prepare to succeed on your coding certification exam with Buck's Coding Exam Review 2021: The Physician and Facility Certification Step! This extensive exam review provides complete coverage of all topics included on the physician and facility coding certification exams — including anatomy, terminology, and pathophysiology for each body system; reimbursement issues; CPT, HCPCS, and ICD-10-CM/PCS coding; and more. Six full practice exams (with answers and rationales) simulate the testing experience and provide enough practice to reassure even the most insecure exam-taker. It's the only coding exam review you need! - UNIQUE! Six full practice exams on Evolve simulate the experience of taking actual coding certification exams, allowing students to assess their strengths and weaknesses in order to develop a plan for focused study. - Answers and rationales to questions on the practice exams let students check their work. - Concise outline format helps students access key information quickly and study more efficiently. - Extra instructor-led quizzes provide 600 questions to utilize for additional assessment. - Mobile-optimized quick quizzes offer on-the-go practice with more than 350 medical terminology, pathophysiology, CPT, HCPCS, and ICD-10-CM questions. - Real-life coding reports (cleared of any confidential information) simulate the reports that students will encounter on the job and help them apply key coding principles to actual cases. - Test-taking tips in the Success Strategies section guide students step-by-step through the entire exam process. - NEW! Updated content features the latest coding information available, promoting accurate coding and success on the job. - NEW! Full coverage and exam prep for facility coding in addition to physician coding |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Buck's Coding Exam Review 2022 E-Book Elsevier, 2021-11-22 Prepare to succeed on your coding certification exam with Buck's Coding Exam Review: The Physician and Facility Certification Step! This extensive exam review provides complete coverage of all topics included on the physician and facility coding certification exams — including anatomy, terminology, and pathophysiology for each body system; reimbursement issues; CPT, HCPCS, and ICD-10-CM/PCS coding; and more. Six full practice exams (with answers and rationales) simulate the testing experience and provide enough practice to reassure even the most insecure exam-taker. It's the only coding exam review you need! - UNIQUE! Six full practice exams on Evolve simulate the experience of taking the actual coding certification exams, allowing you to assess your strengths and weaknesses in order to develop a plan for focused study. - Answers and rationales to questions on the practice exams let you check your work. - Concise outline format helps you access key information quickly and study more efficiently. - Mobile-optimized quick quizzes offer on-the-go practice with more than 350 medical terminology, pathophysiology, CPT, HCPCS, and ICD-10-CM questions. - Real-life coding reports simulate the reports that you will encounter on the job, and challenge you to apply key coding principles to actual cases. - Test-taking tips in the Success Strategies section guide you step-by-step through the entire exam process. - NEW! Updated content features the latest coding information available, promoting accurate coding and success on the job. - Full coverage and exam prep for facility and physician coding |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Buck's Physician Coding Exam Review 2020 E-Book Elsevier, 2019-11-11 - NEW! Updated content features the latest coding information available, promoting accurate coding and success on the job. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Buck's Coding Exam Review 2024 - E-Book Elsevier, 2023-11-23 - NEW! Updated content features the latest coding information available, promoting accurate coding and success on the job. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: CPC Practice Exam 2024-2025:Includes 700 Practice Questions, Detailed Answers with Full Explanation Emma Jane Johnston, Annie Shoya Kiema , CPC Practice Exam 2024-2025:Includes 700 Practice Questions, Detailed Answers with Full Explanation Comprehensive CPC Practice Exam 2024-2025 for Medical Coding Certification CPC Practice Exam 2024-2025 for Medical Coding Certification is an essential guide for aspiring medical coders seeking to achieve CPC certification. This book provides a thorough and detailed approach to mastering medical coding, ensuring you are well-prepared for the CPC exam and proficient in the field. Key Features: In-Depth Practice Exams: Includes multiple full-length practice exams that mirror the format and content of the actual CPC exam, allowing you to familiarize yourself with the test structure and question types. Detailed Answer Explanations: Each practice question is accompanied by comprehensive explanations to help you understand the reasoning behind the correct answers and learn from your mistakes. ICD-10-CM Coding Guidelines: Extensive coverage of ICD-10-CM coding guidelines to ensure you are up-to-date with the latest coding standards and practices. Billing and Compliance: Insights into medical billing processes and compliance regulations, emphasizing the importance of ethical standards in the healthcare industry. Study Tips and Strategies: Proven study techniques and strategies to enhance your retention and understanding of key concepts, helping you maximize your study time. Real-World Scenarios: Practical case studies and scenarios to apply your knowledge in real-world contexts, bridging the gap between theory and practice. Whether you're a novice to medical coding or seeking to enhance your expertise, Comprehensive CPC Practice Exam 2024-2025 for Medical Coding Certification is the ultimate resource for your exam preparation and professional growth. Gain the knowledge and confidence required to excel in your CPC certification and propel your career in the medical coding industry. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Physician Coding Exam Review 2016 Carol J. Buck, 2015-12-07 Prepare to succeed on your physician coding exam with Physician Coding Exam Review 2016: The Certification Step! From leading coding author and educator Carol J. Buck, this exam review provides complete coverage of all topics included on the physician coding certification exam - including anatomy, terminology, and pathophysiology for each body system; reimbursement issues; CPT, HCPCS, and ICD-10-CM coding (with ICD-9-CM posted on Evolve companion website); and more. Four full practice exams simulate the testing experience, include answers and rationales, and provide enough practice to reassure even the most insecure exam-taker. It's the only physician coding exam review you need! Comprehensive review content covers everything you need to know to pass the physician coding certification exam. Mobile-optimized quick quizzes provide extra practice and review with 380 additional medical terminology, pathophysiology, CPT, ICD-10-CM, and HCPCS questions. Practice exams on the Evolve website allow you to assess strengths and weaknesses and develop a plan for focused study, including a Pre-Exam to be taken prior to studying, the same exam again as a Post-Exam to be taken after your review, and a Final Exam that simulates the experience of taking the actual physician coding exam. Answers and rationales to the Pre-/Post- and Final Exams are available on Evolve. Netter's Anatomy illustrations help you understand anatomy and how it affects coding. Real-world coding reports (cleared of any patient identifiers) simulate the reports that you will encounter on the job and challenge you to apply key coding principles to actual cases. Success Strategies section in the text guides you step-by-step through the entire exam process. Concise outline format helps you access information quickly and study more efficiently. Colorful design and illustrations make study and review easier and more engaging. NEW! All diagnosis coding content is updated to ICD-10-CM, preparing you with all the ICD-10-CM information you need for success on the certification exam. Updated content includes the latest coding information available, promoting exam success and accurate coding on the job. NEW! ICD-9-CM versions of Units 4-5 and the practice examinations are posted to the Evolve companion website, so that you are prepared no matter which diagnosis code set is being tested on for your specific exam. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Physician Coding Exam Review 2016 - E-Book Carol J. Buck, 2015-11-16 Prepare to succeed on your physician coding exam with Physician Coding Exam Review 2016: The Certification Step! From leading coding author and educator Carol J. Buck, this exam review provides complete coverage of all topics included on the physician coding certification exam — including anatomy, terminology, and pathophysiology for each body system; reimbursement issues; CPT, HCPCS, and ICD-10-CM coding (with ICD-9-CM posted on Evolve companion website); and more. Four full practice exams simulate the testing experience, include answers and rationales, and provide enough practice to reassure even the most insecure exam-taker. It's the only physician coding exam review you need! - Comprehensive review content covers everything you need to know to pass the physician coding certification exam. - Mobile-optimized quick quizzes provide extra practice and review with 380 additional medical terminology, pathophysiology, CPT, ICD-10-CM, and HCPCS questions. - Practice exams on the Evolve website allow you to assess strengths and weaknesses and develop a plan for focused study, including a Pre-Exam to be taken prior to studying, the same exam again as a Post-Exam to be taken after your review, and a Final Exam that simulates the experience of taking the actual physician coding exam. - Answers and rationales to the Pre-/Post- and Final Exams are available on Evolve. - Netter's Anatomy illustrations help you understand anatomy and how it affects coding. - Real-world coding reports (cleared of any patient identifiers) simulate the reports that you will encounter on the job and challenge you to apply key coding principles to actual cases. - Success Strategies section in the text guides you step-by-step through the entire exam process. - Concise outline format helps you access information quickly and study more efficiently. - Colorful design and illustrations make study and review easier and more engaging. - NEW! All diagnosis coding content is updated to ICD-10-CM, preparing you with all the ICD-10-CM information you need for success on the certification exam. - Updated content includes the latest coding information available, promoting exam success and accurate coding on the job. - NEW! ICD-9-CM versions of Units 4-5 and the practice examinations are posted to the Evolve companion website, so that you are prepared no matter which diagnosis code set is being tested on for your specific exam. |
| aapc cpc exam breakdown: Physician Coding Exam Review 2017 - E-Book Carol J. Buck, 2016-11-14 Prepare to succeed on your physician coding certification exam with Physician Coding Exam Review 2017: The Certification Step! From leading coding author and educator Carol J. Buck, this exam review provides complete coverage of all topics included on the physician coding certification exam — including anatomy, terminology, and pathophysiology for each body system; reimbursement issues; CPT, HCPCS, and ICD-10-CM coding; and more. Four full practice exams simulate the testing experience, include answers and rationales, and provide enough practice to reassure even the most insecure exam-taker. It's the only physician coding exam review you need! - Comprehensive review content covers everything you need to know to pass your physician coding certification exam. - UNIQUE! Practice exams on the Evolve website allow you to assess strengths and weaknesses and develop a plan for focused study, including a Pre-Exam to be taken prior to studying, the same exam again as a Post-Exam to be taken after your review, and a Final Exam that simulates the experience of taking the actual physician coding exam. - Concise outline format helps you access information quickly and study more efficiently. - Mobile-optimized quick quizzes offer on-the-go practice and review with 380 additional medical terminology, pathophysiology, CPT, ICD-10-CM, and HCPCS questions. - Success Strategies section in the text guides you step-by-step through the entire exam process. - UNIQUE! Netter's Anatomy illustrations help you understand anatomy and how it affects coding. - Full-color design and illustrations make study and review easier and more engaging. - UNIQUE! Real-world coding reports (cleared of any patient identifiers) simulate the reports that you will encounter on the job and challenge you to apply key coding principles to actual cases. - Answers and rationales to the Pre-, Post- and Final Exams are available on Evolve. - Updated content includes the latest ICD-10, HCPCS, and CPT code updates, promoting accurate coding and success on the job. |
