Moralistic Diplomacy

Moralistic Diplomacy: A Powerful Tool or a Path to Intervention?

Introduction:

Are human rights violations a legitimate reason for international intervention? Does promoting a nation's values supersede its sovereignty? These are the core questions at the heart of moralistic diplomacy, a foreign policy approach that prioritizes the promotion of a state's moral values and ideals in its international relations. This comprehensive guide delves into the complexities of moralistic diplomacy, exploring its historical context, underlying philosophies, successes, failures, and its ongoing relevance in an increasingly interconnected world. We'll examine its impact on international relations and analyze whether it's a force for good or a catalyst for unintended consequences. Prepare to unravel the ethical dilemmas and geopolitical intricacies woven into the fabric of moralistic diplomacy.

1. Defining Moralistic Diplomacy: A Value-Driven Approach

Moralistic diplomacy, at its core, is a foreign policy strategy that explicitly integrates a nation's moral and ethical values into its foreign policy decisions. Unlike realist approaches that prioritize national interest above all else, moralistic diplomacy emphasizes the promotion of human rights, democracy, and other values deemed universally beneficial. This often involves actively advocating for these values on the global stage, potentially through sanctions, diplomatic pressure, or even military intervention. It's characterized by a belief in the inherent goodness of certain principles and a willingness to use diplomatic leverage to spread them. However, the very definition is fraught with subjectivity; what constitutes a "moral" value can vary widely across cultures and ideologies.

2. Historical Examples of Moralistic Diplomacy:

Throughout history, various nations have employed forms of moralistic diplomacy, albeit with varying degrees of success and consistency. The United States' involvement in promoting democracy during the Cold War, including support for dissident movements in Eastern Europe, serves as a prominent example. Similarly, the post-World War II emphasis on human rights, leading to the creation of organizations like the United Nations, reflects a moralistic approach to international affairs. However, historical examples also show the potential pitfalls. The Iraq War, often criticized as a misguided attempt at regime change based on questionable moral justifications, highlights the potential dangers of ill-conceived moralistic interventions.

3. The Philosophical Underpinnings of Moralistic Diplomacy:

Moralistic diplomacy draws upon several philosophical frameworks. Kantian ethics, with its emphasis on universal moral principles and the categorical imperative, provide a strong theoretical foundation. Liberal internationalism, emphasizing the interconnectedness of states and the potential for cooperation to achieve shared goals (including moral ones), also plays a significant role. However, these philosophies are not without their critics. Realists argue that moralistic diplomacy ignores the inherent power dynamics of international relations and can lead to ineffective or even counterproductive policies.

4. The Challenges and Criticisms of Moralistic Diplomacy:

The application of moralistic diplomacy faces significant challenges. The definition of "moral" values is inherently subjective and can easily be manipulated for political gain. Interventions based on moralistic grounds can be perceived as neo-colonialism or imperialism, leading to resentment and backlash from targeted nations. Furthermore, the pursuit of moral goals can conflict with national interests, creating difficult trade-offs for policymakers. The potential for unintended consequences, such as escalating conflicts or undermining local stability, is a constant concern.

5. Moralistic Diplomacy in the 21st Century: Emerging Trends and Challenges:

The 21st century presents new challenges and opportunities for moralistic diplomacy. The rise of globalization, social media, and human rights NGOs has increased awareness of human rights abuses worldwide, creating greater pressure on states to address these issues. However, the rise of populist and nationalist movements has also led to a decline in multilateral cooperation and a greater emphasis on national sovereignty, making it more difficult to implement moralistic foreign policies. The increasing complexity of global challenges, such as climate change and pandemics, necessitates a more nuanced and collaborative approach to international relations.

6. Case Studies: Successes and Failures of Moralistic Diplomacy

Examining specific case studies provides valuable insights into the effectiveness of moralistic diplomacy. The success of the anti-apartheid movement in South Africa demonstrates the potential of sustained international pressure, leveraging moral arguments, to achieve significant positive change. Conversely, the US-led intervention in Libya, intended to prevent a humanitarian crisis, resulted in a protracted civil war and instability, highlighting the limitations and potential dangers of moralistic intervention.

7. The Future of Moralistic Diplomacy: Finding a Balance Between Values and Pragmatism

The future of moralistic diplomacy requires a more balanced approach, one that integrates moral considerations into foreign policy without sacrificing pragmatic considerations. This necessitates careful consideration of potential consequences, collaboration with international partners, and a willingness to adapt strategies based on evolving circumstances. A more nuanced understanding of local contexts and a greater emphasis on collaboration with civil society organizations are also crucial for achieving positive outcomes. Ultimately, the effectiveness of moralistic diplomacy depends on its ability to strike a balance between promoting values and achieving tangible results.


Book Outline: "The Moral Compass of Nations: A Critical Examination of Moralistic Diplomacy"

Author: Dr. Anya Sharma

Introduction: Defining moralistic diplomacy, historical context, and key themes.
Chapter 1: Philosophical Foundations: Kantian ethics, liberalism, realism, and their relevance.
Chapter 2: Historical Case Studies: Successes (e.g., anti-apartheid movement) and Failures (e.g., Iraq War).
Chapter 3: Challenges and Criticisms: Subjectivity of moral values, unintended consequences, neo-colonialism concerns.
Chapter 4: Moralistic Diplomacy in the 21st Century: Globalization, human rights activism, and challenges to multilateralism.
Chapter 5: Rethinking Moralistic Diplomacy: Balancing values and pragmatism, the role of international cooperation, and the importance of context-specific approaches.
Conclusion: Assessing the effectiveness of moralistic diplomacy and its place in the future of international relations.


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FAQs:

1. What is the difference between moralistic diplomacy and humanitarian intervention? While related, humanitarian intervention focuses primarily on alleviating suffering, while moralistic diplomacy encompasses a broader range of actions aimed at promoting values.
2. Is moralistic diplomacy always effective? No, its effectiveness depends heavily on the context, the specific strategies employed, and the international environment.
3. Can moralistic diplomacy lead to unintended negative consequences? Yes, interventions based on moralistic justifications can have unforeseen and harmful effects.
4. How can we avoid the pitfalls of moralistic diplomacy? Careful consideration of context, collaboration with international partners, and a pragmatic approach are crucial.
5. What role do NGOs play in moralistic diplomacy? NGOs often play a significant role in advocating for human rights and influencing government policies.
6. Does moralistic diplomacy always align with national interests? Not necessarily; sometimes, promoting moral values can conflict with national interests.
7. Is moralistic diplomacy a form of imperialism? Critics argue that it can be perceived as such, especially if it involves coercion or intervention.
8. How can we define "universal moral values" in a diverse world? This is a complex question with no easy answer; dialogue and intercultural understanding are crucial.
9. What are the ethical considerations of using moralistic diplomacy? Ethical considerations include potential harm to civilians, respecting sovereignty, and avoiding hypocrisy.


Related Articles:

1. The Ethics of Humanitarian Intervention: Explores the moral dilemmas involved in military interventions to prevent humanitarian crises.
2. Realism vs. Idealism in International Relations: Compares and contrasts these two major schools of thought in international relations theory.
3. The Role of NGOs in Promoting Human Rights: Examines the influence of non-governmental organizations on global human rights issues.
4. The Impact of Globalization on Human Rights: Analyzes how globalization affects the promotion and protection of human rights worldwide.
5. Case Study: The Anti-Apartheid Movement: Details the strategies and success of the international campaign to end apartheid in South Africa.
6. Case Study: The Iraq War and its Consequences: Critically evaluates the Iraq War and its long-term implications.
7. The Future of Multilateralism: Explores the challenges facing international cooperation in the 21st century.
8. The Rise of Populism and Nationalism: Analyzes the impact of these ideologies on international relations and cooperation.
9. Climate Change and International Cooperation: Examines the role of diplomacy in addressing the global challenge of climate change.


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  moralistic diplomacy: Strategic Moral Diplomacy Lyn Boyd-Judson, 2011 Strategic Moral Diplomacy addresses the most critical political problem of our time: how to negotiate seemingly incompatible moral values between nations. Normative and rational choice theories tend to simplify the actions and motives of leaders at the best, and paint enemies as immoral or evil at the worst. Boyd-Judson argues that it can be both strategically useful, as well as ethical, to assume an enemy has just moral concerns and give these claims credence. Boyd-Judson uses the US and UN negotiations with Iran, Libya, Zimbabwe and Haiti to illustrate the practical application of strategic moral diplomacy. Through personal interviews with negotiators and those close to them, she unearths the complex moral positions held by those involved and arrives at workable suggestions for future diplomatic dilemmas. Critical to the education of global citizens and future diplomats, Strategic Moral Diplomacy is an irreplaceable teaching tool for discussing social justice, rogue states, and the importance of understanding moral psychology in international relations.
  moralistic diplomacy: Moral Contagion Michael A. Schoeppner, 2019-01-17 During the Antebellum era, thousands of free black sailors were arrested for violating the Negro Seamen Acts. In retelling the harrowing experiences of free black sailors, Moral Contagion highlights the central roles that race and international diplomacy played in the development of American citizenship.
  moralistic diplomacy: Moral Pressure for Responsible Globalization Sherrie M. Steiner, 2018 In Moral Pressure for Responsible Globalization, Steiner offers an account of religious diplomacy with the G8/G7 and G20 to evoke new possibilities to steer globalization in more equitable and sustainable directions in the Age of the Anthropocene.
  moralistic diplomacy: The Frontiers of Public Diplomacy Colin Alexander, 2021-05-20 This edited volume provides one of the most formidable critical inquiries into public diplomacy’s relationship with hegemony, morality and power. Wherein, the examination of public diplomacy’s ‘frontiers’ will aid scholars and students alike in their acquiring of greater critical understanding around the values and intentions that are at the crux of this area of statecraft. For the contributing authors to this edited volume, public diplomacy is not just a political communications term, it is also a moral term within which actors attempt to convey a sense of their own virtuosity and ‘goodness’ to international audiences. The book thereby provides fascinating insight into public diplomacy from the under-researched angle of moral philosophy and ethics, arguing that public diplomacy is one of the primary vehicles through which international actors engage in moral rhetoric to meet their power goals. The Frontiers of Public Diplomacy is a landmark book for scholars, students and practitioners of the subject. At a practical level, it provides a series of interesting case studies of public diplomacy in peripheral settings. However, at a conceptual level, it challenges the reader to consider more fully the assumptions that they may make about public diplomacy and its role within the international system.
  moralistic diplomacy: Disarmament Diplomacy and Human Security Denise Garcia, 2011-02-08 This book assesses how progress in disarmament diplomacy in the last decade has improved human security. It examines moral and normative progress in international relations by investigating three cases: the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT); the ban on cluster munitions; and the international regime on small arms and light weapons.
  moralistic diplomacy: Do Morals Matter? Joseph S. Nye, 2020 What is the role of ethics in American foreign policy? The Trump Administration has elevated this from a theoretical question to front-page news. Should ethics even play a role, or should we only focus on defending our material interests? In Do Morals Matter? Joseph S. Nye provides a concise yet penetrating analysis of how modern American presidents have-and have not-incorporated ethics into their foreign policy. Nye examines each presidency during theAmerican era post-1945 and scores them on the success they achieved in implementing an ethical foreign policy. Alongside this, he evaluates their leadership qualities, explaining which approaches work and which ones do not.
  moralistic diplomacy: Moralism and Morality in Politics and Diplomacy Kenneth W. Thompson, 1985
  moralistic diplomacy: The Moral Purpose of the State Christian Reus-Smit, 2009-11-02 This book seeks to explain why different systems of sovereign states have built different types of fundamental institutions to govern interstate relations. Why, for example, did the ancient Greeks operate a successful system of third-party arbitration, while international society today rests on a combination of international law and multilateral diplomacy? Why did the city-states of Renaissance Italy develop a system of oratorical diplomacy, while the states of absolutist Europe relied on naturalist international law and old diplomacy? Conventional explanations of basic institutional practices have difficulty accounting for such variation. Christian Reus-Smit addresses this problem by presenting an alternative, constructivist theory of international institutional development, one that emphasizes the relationship between the social identity of the state and the nature and origin of basic institutional practices. Reus-Smit argues that international societies are shaped by deep constitutional structures that are based on prevailing beliefs about the moral purpose of the state, the organizing principle of sovereignty, and the norm of procedural justice. These structures inform the imaginations of institutional architects as they develop and adjust institutional arrangements between states. As he shows with detailed reference to ancient Greece, Renaissance Italy, absolutist Europe, and the modern world, different cultural and historical contexts lead to profoundly different constitutional structures and institutional practices. The first major study of its kind, this book is a significant addition to our theoretical and empirical understanding of international relations, past and present.
  moralistic diplomacy: The Moral Purpose of the State Christian Reus-Smit, 2009-11-22 Emphasising the relationship between the social identity of the state and the nature and origin of basic institutional practices, this text questions why different states have built different types of institutions to govern interstate relations.
  moralistic diplomacy: Moral Blindness Zygmunt Bauman, Leonidas Donskis, 2013-04-24 Evil is not confined to war or to circumstances in which people are acting under extreme duress. Today it more frequently reveals itself in the everyday insensitivity to the suffering of others, in the inability or refusal to understand them and in the casual turning away of one’s ethical gaze. Evil and moral blindness lurk in what we take as normality and in the triviality and banality of everyday life, and not just in the abnormal and exceptional cases. The distinctive kind of moral blindness that characterizes our societies is brilliantly analysed by Zygmunt Bauman and Leonidas Donskis through the concept of adiaphora: the placing of certain acts or categories of human beings outside of the universe of moral obligations and evaluations. Adiaphora implies an attitude of indifference to what is happening in the world – a moral numbness. In a life where rhythms are dictated by ratings wars and box-office returns, where people are preoccupied with the latest gadgets and forms of gossip, in our ‘hurried life’ where attention rarely has time to settle on any issue of importance, we are at serious risk of losing our sensitivity to the plight of the other. Only celebrities or media stars can expect to be noticed in a society stuffed with sensational, valueless information. This probing inquiry into the fate of our moral sensibilities will be of great interest to anyone concerned with the most profound changes that are silently shaping the lives of everyone in our contemporary liquid-modern world.
  moralistic diplomacy: Symbolic Insult in Diplomacy Alisher Faizullaev, 2018-07-17 In Symbolic Insult in Diplomacy: A Subtle Game of Diplomatic Slap, Alisher Faizullaev describes how states and their representatives may use manipulative practices for influencing the opponent. The author distinguishes three forms of using symbolic insult in diplomacy: by misrecognition (“diplomatic bypassing”), direct confrontation (“diplomatic punch”), and concealed verbal or nonverbal actions (“diplomatic slap”). The book focuses on “diplomatic slap” – employing obscure symbolic insult as a means of tacit manipulation. Analyzing historical and modern cases, Alisher Faizullaev shows that implicit symbolic insult usually appears ambiguously, and allows the offender to stay engaged with the victim. This work reveals vailed aspects of diplomatic practices and represents a valuable source for students and practitioners of international politics and diplomacy.
  moralistic diplomacy: Japan and the Wider World Akira Iriye, 2014-09-19 Akira Iriye assesses Japan's international relations, from a Japanese perspective, in the century and a half since she ended her self-imposed isolation and resumed her place in the international community. The book is the author's own adaptation of two highly successful short studies, up to and after 1945, that he wrote for Japan. It ends with a consideration of Japan's international relations since the end of the Cold War, and her place in the world today. This is history written from within - and there could be no better interpreter of Japan to the West than this most distinguished of historians, who, himself Japanese, has long lived and taught in the United States.
  moralistic diplomacy: China's Relations with Central and Eastern Europe Weiqing Song, 2017-10-04 As China rises as an economic and an international power, new relationships are being forged with all areas of the world including Central and Eastern Europe. This book explores how this relationship is developing. It considers how China’s links with Central and Eastern Europe fit in to China’s overall international relations strategies. It looks at economic and trade ties, diplomatic initiatives and the role of the European Union, and examines China’s bilateral relations with the different states of the region. These relationships are particularly interesting because before the end of communism in Eastern Europe China had many direct links with the countries of the region.
  moralistic diplomacy: Diplomacy Adam Watson, 2013-03-01 In the first major assessment of diplomatic dialogue since Nicolson's Diplomacy in 1939, Adam Watson traces the changing techniques of diplomacy from ancient times through the 'diplomatic society' of Europe to the present global system. In examining the conventions and institutions which help to shape the international system the author aims not so much to preserve diplomatic order which worked well in the past but rather to identify the continuities and the new conditions which will enable the dialogue to function in the future. He pays special attention to the extension of the dialogue into new fields and to the impact of the newly independent states of the third world. This leads him to argue strongly that the world's growing interdependence has increased rather than lessened the scope of diplomacy in the nuclear age.
  moralistic diplomacy: Sunken Treaties Emily O. Goldman, 2010-11-01
  moralistic diplomacy: Political Self Destruction of Most African Americans Ernest Lawson, 2010-06-21 The book offers an explicit explanation of Africans, and their transformational toils to America in sixteen nineteen. And their adaptability, based on chronological records of significant events, related to genetic heritage, concurring with current society. Based on reality (not) racism.
  moralistic diplomacy: The Encyclopedia of Diplomacy, 4 Volume Set Gordon Martel, 2018-04-30 The Encyclopedia of Diplomacy is a complete and authoritative 4-volume compendium of the most important events, people and terms associated with diplomacy and international relations from ancient times to the present, from a global perspective. An invaluable resource for anyone interested in diplomacy, its history and the relations between states Includes newer areas of scholarship such as the role of non-state organizations, including the UN and Médecins Sans Frontières, and the exercise of soft power, as well as issues of globalization and climate change Provides clear, concise information on the most important events, people, and terms associated with diplomacy and international relations in an A-Z format All entries are rigorously peer reviewed to ensure the highest quality of scholarship Provides a platform to introduce unfamiliar terms and concepts to students engaging with the literature of the field for the first time
  moralistic diplomacy: The UN Secretary-General and Moral Authority Kent J. Kille, 2007-10-29 Once described by Trygve Lie as the most impossible job on earth, the position of UN Secretary-General is as frustratingly constrained as it is prestigious. The Secretary-General's ability to influence global affairs often depends on how the international community regards his moral authority. In relation to such moral authority, past office-holders have drawn on their own ethics and religious backgrounds—as diverse as Lutheranism, Catholicism, Buddhism, and Coptic Christianity—to guide the role that they played in addressing the UN's goals in the international arena, such as the maintenance of international peace and security and the promotion of human rights. In The UN Secretary-General and Moral Authority, contributors provide case studies of all seven former secretaries-general, establishing a much-needed comparative survey of each office-holder's personal religious and moral values. From Trygve Lie's forbearance during the UN's turbulent formative years to the Nobel committee's awarding Kofi Annan and the United Nations the prize for peace in 2001, the case studies all follow the same format, first detailing the environmental and experiential factors that forged these men's ethical frameworks, then analyzing how their inner code engaged with the duties of office and the global events particular to their terms. Balanced and unbiased in its approach, this study provides valuable insight into how religious and moral leadership functions in the realm of international relations, and how the promotion of ethical values works to diffuse international tensions and improve the quality of human life around the world.
  moralistic diplomacy: Moral Constraints on War Bruno Coppieters, N. Fotion, 2008 Just War Theory is becoming increasingly important to nations when they contemplate and participate in war. This book recognizes the timeliness of the topic and so seeks, in concrete historical terms, to deal with the issue of constraining war on the basis of moral principles.
  moralistic diplomacy: Reflexivity and International Relations Jack L Amoureux, Brent J. Steele, 2015-09-25 Reflexivity has become a common term in IR scholarship with a variety of uses and meanings. Yet for such an important concept and referent, understandings of reflexivity have been more assumed rather than developed by those who use it, from realists and constructivists to feminists and post-structuralists. This volume seeks to provide the first overview of reflexivity in international relations theory, offering students and scholars a text that : provides a comprehensive and systematic overview of the current reflexivity literature develops important insights into how reflexivity can play a broader role in IR theory pushes reflexivity in new, productive directions, and offers more nuanced and concrete specifications of reflexivity moves reflexivity beyond the scholar and the scholarly field to political practice Formulates practices of reflexivity. Drawing together the work of many of the key scholars in the field into one volume, this work will be essential reading for all students of international relations theory.
  moralistic diplomacy: Shaping British Foreign and Defence Policy in the Twentieth Century M. Murfett, 2014-07-31 This volume is devoted to the shaping of British foreign and defence policymaking in the twentieth century and illustrates why it's relatively easy for states to lose their way as they grope for a safe passage forward when confronted by mounting international crises and the antics of a few desperate men.
  moralistic diplomacy: Dean Acheson Douglas Brinkley, 1992-01-01 Acheson was President Harry Truman's secretary of state, the American father of NATO and active in US foreign policy after World War II. He was also a Democratic Party activist in Eisenhower's presidency and an advisor in the Kennedy, Johnson and Nixon eras. This charts his post-secretarial career.
  moralistic diplomacy: Central and Eastern Europe in Transition Frank H. Columbus, 1998 This is part of a two-volume set presenting current analyses of political and economic developments and trends in central and Eastern Europe. In this volume, emphasis is on social and political developments. Coverage includes parties and party systems in Eastern Europe, Central European moralist diplomacy, the emergence of the Hungarian party system, educational reconstruction, and xenophobic attitudes towards migrants and ethnic minorities in the region. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
  moralistic diplomacy: AP* U.S. History Review and Study Guide for American Pageant 12th edition Mill Hill Books,
  moralistic diplomacy: The SAGE Handbook of Diplomacy Costas M. Constantinou, Pauline Kerr, Paul Sharp, 2016-08-12 The SAGE Handbook of Diplomacy provides a major thematic overview of Diplomacy and its study that is theoretically and historically informed and in sync with the current and future needs of diplomatic practice . Original contributions from a brilliant team of global experts are organised into four thematic sections: Section One: Diplomatic Concepts & Theories Section Two: Diplomatic Institutions Section Three: Diplomatic Relations Section Four: Types of Diplomatic Engagement
  moralistic diplomacy: The Empire of Security and the Safety of the People William Bain, 2006-09-27 This is an accessible new examination of what ‘security’ means today, contextualizing the term amongst other key ideas, such as the nation state, diplomacy, war and autonomy. By exploring the many differing conceptions of security, this study clearly explains how the idea of security in world affairs can be understood in relation to other ideas and points of view. It shows how, when standing alone, the word ‘security’ is meaningless, or just an empty term, when divorced from other ideas distinctive to international life. This essential new volume tackles the key questions in the debate: what norms of sovereignty relate to security? does security necessarily follow from the recognition of identity? what sort of obligations in respect of security attach to power? how far can a political arrangement of empire remedy human insecurity? can trusteeship provide security in a world of legally equal sovereign states? is security the guarantor of freedom? This book is an excellent resource for students and scholars of security studies and politics and international relations.
  moralistic diplomacy: Herbert Butterfield C.T. McIntire, 2008-10-01 Herbert Butterfield (1900-1979) was an important British historian and religious thinker whose ideas, in particular his concept of a “Whig interpretation of history,” remain deeply influential. In this intellectual biography—the first comprehensive study of Butterfield—C.T. McIntire focuses on the creative processes that lay behind Butterfield’s intellectual accomplishments. Drawing on his investigations into Butterfield’s vast and diverse output of published and unpublished work, McIntire explores Butterfield’s ideas and methods. He describes Butterfield’s lifelong devotion to his Methodist faith and shows how his Christian spirituality animated his historical work. He also traces the theme of dissent that ran through Butterfield’s life and work, presenting a man who found himself at odds with prevailing convictions about history, morality, politics, religion, and teaching, a man who elevated the notion of dissent into an ethic of living in tension with any established system.
  moralistic diplomacy: Diplomacy Henry Kissinger, 2012-10-01 'Kissinger's absorbing book tackles head-on some of the toughest questions of our time . . . Its pages sparkle with insight' Simon Schama in the NEW YORKER Spanning more than three centuries, from Cardinal Richelieu to the fragility of the 'New World Order', DIPLOMACY is the now-classic history of international relations by the former Secretary of State and winner of the Nobel Peace Prize. Kissinger's intimate portraits of world leaders, many from personal experience, provide the reader with a unique insight into what really goes on -- and why -- behind the closed doors of the corridors of power. 'Budding diplomats and politicians should read it as avidly as their predecessors read Machiavelli' Douglas Hurd in the DAILY TELEGRAPH 'If you want to pay someone a compliment, give them Henry Kissinger's DIPLOMACY ... It is certainly one of the best, and most enjoyable [books] on international relations past and present ... DIPLOMACY should be read for the sheer historical sweep, the characterisations, the story-telling, the ability to look at large parts of the world as a whole' Malcolm Rutherford in the FINANCIAL TIMES
  moralistic diplomacy: The Political and Moral Imperatives of the Bandung Conference of 1955 Kweku Ampiah, 2007-08-30 Now fifty years on, with significantly more primary references available,Kweku Ampiah’s study provides a much-needed in-depth re-evaluation of the conference as a whole, focusing in particular on the external influences and preoccupations impacting on the participants seen through three case studies involving the US, UK and Japan.
  moralistic diplomacy: Public Diplomacy Nicholas J. Cull, 2019-04-15 New technologies have opened up fresh possibilities for public diplomacy, but this has not erased the importance of history. On the contrary, the lessons of the past seem more relevant than ever, in an age in which communications play an unprecedented role. Whether communications are electronic or hand-delivered, the foundations remain as valid today as they ever have been. Blending history with insights from international relations, communication studies, psychology, and contemporary practice, Cull explores the five core areas of public diplomacy: listening, advocacy, cultural diplomacy, exchanges, and international broadcasting. He unpacks the approaches which have dominated in recent years – nation-branding and partnership – and sets out the foundations for successful global public engagement. Rich with case studies and examples drawn from ancient times through to our own digital age, the book shows the true capabilities and limits of emerging platforms and technologies, as well as drawing on lessons from the past which can empower us and help us to shape the future. This comprehensive and accessible introduction is essential reading for students, scholars, and practitioners, as well as anyone interested in understanding or mobilizing global public opinion.
  moralistic diplomacy: Race and U.S. Foreign Policy from 1900 Through World War II Michael L. Krenn, 2020-12-17 Explores the concept of race The term race, which originally denoted genealogical or class identity, has in the comparatively brief span of 300 years taken on an entirely new meaning. In the wake of the Enlightenment it came to be applied to social groups. This ideological transformation coupled with a dogmatic insistence that the groups so designated were natural, and not socially created, gave birth to the modern notion of races as genetically distinct entities. The results of this view were the encoding of race and racial hierarchies in law, literature, and culture. How racialcategories facilitate social control The articles in the series demonstrate that the classification of humans according to selected physical characteristics was an arbitrary decision that was not based on valid scientific method. They also examine the impact of colonialism on the propagation of the concept and note that racial categorization is a powerful social force that is often used to promote the interests of dominant social groups. Finally, the collection surveys how laws based on race have been enacted around the world to deny power to minority groups. A multidisciplinaryresource This collection of outstanding articles brings multiple perspectives to bear on race theory and draws on a wider ranger of periodicals than even the largest library usually holds. Even if all the articles were available on campus, chances are that a student would have to track them down in several libraries and microfilm collections. Providing, of course, that no journals were reserved for graduate students, out for binding, or simply missing. This convenient set saves students substantial time and effort by making available all the key articles in one reliable source. Authoritative commentary The series editor has put together a balanced selection of the most significant works, accompanied by expert commentary. A general introduction gives important background information and outlines fundamental issues, current scholarship, and scholarly controversies. Introductions to individual volumes put the articles in context and draw attention to germinal ideas and major shifts in the field. After reading the material, even a beginning student will have an excellent grasp of the basics of the subject.
  moralistic diplomacy: Historical Dictionary of United States-Russian/Soviet Relations Norman E. Saul, 2008-11-18 For more than 200 years the United States and Russia have shared a multi-faceted relationship. Because of the rise of power the two countries enjoyed in the late 19th and through the 20th century, Russian-American relations have dominated much of recent world history. Prior to World War II the two countries had relatively friendly contacts in culture, commerce, and diplomacy, however, as they contested for supremacy during the Cold War relations turned hostile and competitive. With the apparent end of the Cold War with the collapse of the Soviet Union and of communism in 1991, the relationship continues to evolve and the future looks uncertain but promising. The Historical Dictionary of United States-Russian/Soviet Relations identifies the key issues, individuals, and events in the history of U.S.-Russian/Soviet relations and places them in the context of the complex and dynamic regional strategic, political, and economic processes that have fashioned the American relationship with Russia. This is done through a chronology, a bibliography, an introductory essay, and several hundred cross-referenced dictionary entries on key persons, places, events, institutions, and organizations.
  moralistic diplomacy: Gentleman Samurai and Internationalist Greg Gubler, 2021-03-04 This book examines Satō Naotake’s remarkable and long career at the crossroads of Imperial Japan, emphasizing his integrity and realistic approach to diplomacy, which were particularly evident in his role in maintaining the Neutrality Pact with the Soviet Union and in promoting the United Nations.
  moralistic diplomacy: Global Health and International Relations Colin McInnes, Kelley Lee, 2013-05-02 The long separation of health and International Relations, as distinct academic fields and policy arenas, has now dramatically changed. Health, concerned with the body, mind and spirit, has traditionally focused on disease and infirmity, whilst International Relations has been dominated by concerns of war, peace and security. Since the 1990s, however, the two fields have increasingly overlapped. How can we explain this shift and what are the implications for the future development of both fields? Colin McInnes and Kelley Lee examine four key intersections between health and International Relations today - foreign policy and health diplomacy, health and the global political economy, global health governance and global health security. The explosion of interest in these subjects has, in large part, been due to real world concerns - disease outbreaks, antibiotic resistance, counterfeit drugs and other risks to human health amid the spread of globalisation. Yet the authors contend that it is also important to understand how global health has been socially constructed, shaped in theory and practice by particular interests and normative frameworks. This groundbreaking book encourages readers to step back from problem-solving to ask how global health is being problematized in the first place, why certain agendas and issue areas are prioritised, and what determines the potential solutions put forth to address them? The palpable struggle to better understand the health risks facing a globalized world, and to strengthen collective action to deal with them effectively, begins - they argue - with a more reflexive and critical approach to this rapidly emerging subject.
  moralistic diplomacy: Politics of International Law and International Justice Edwin Egede, 2013-08-20 An introduction to international law for politics and IR studentsThis textbook introduction to international law and justice is specially written for students studying law in other departments, such as politics and IR. Written by a lawyer and a political theorist, it shows how international politics has influenced international law.Edwin Egede and Peter Sutch show that neglected questions of justice and ethics are essential to any understanding of the institutions of international society. They walk students through the most crucial questions and critical debates in international law today: sovereignty and global governance, sovereign and diplomatic immunity, human rights, the use of force, sanctions and the domestic impact of international law.
  moralistic diplomacy: Moral Victories Andrew R. Hom, Cian O'Driscoll, Kurt Mills, 2017-11-10 What does it mean to win a moral victory? Ideals of just and decisive triumphs often colour the call to war, yet victory is an increasingly dubious proposition in modern conflict, where negotiated settlements and festering violence have replaced formal surrenders. In the Just War and strategic studies traditions, assumptions about victory also underpin decisions to go to war but become more problematic in discussions about its conduct and conclusion. So although winning is typically considered the very object of war, we lack a clear understanding of victory itself. Likewise, we lack reliable resources for discerning a just from an unjust victory, for balancing the duty to fight ethically with the obligation to win, and for assessing the significance of changing ways of war for moral judgment. Though not amenable to easy answers, these important questions are both perennial and especially urgent. This book brings together a group of leading scholars from various disciplines to tackle them. It covers both traditions of victory - charting the historically variable notion of victory and the dialogues and fissures this opens in the just war and strategic canons - along with contemporary challenges of victory- analysing how new security contexts put pressure on these fissures and working toward clearer ideas about victory today. The result is a wide-ranging and timely collection of essays that bridges the gap between ethical, strategic, and historical approaches to war and develops new ways of thinking about it as a practical and moral proposition.
  moralistic diplomacy: Power Politics and Moral Order Eric D. Patterson, Robert J. Joustra, 2022-03-28 Christian realism is undergoing a renaissance in both American Christianity and around the world. Caught between globalist liberalism, on the one hand, and pragmatic realism on the other, Christians are in search of international ethics, a standard and tradition in foreign policy, that takes the two great books of life, the Christian Scriptures and the world we live in, seriously. This book is an extended, edited collection that mines the tradition of Christian realism in international relations and finds in it voices and mentors urgently fresh for a new age. With classic authors like Reinhold Niebuhr, Herbert Butterfield, Paul Ramsey, and Jean Bethke Elshtain, and contemporaries like Marc LiVecche, Rebecca Heinrichs, and others, this collection offers for the first time an organization, periodization, and collection of primary Christian realist sources for the initiate and the expert in foreign relations.
  moralistic diplomacy: Diplomatic Investigations Herbert Butterfield, Martin Wight, 2019-10-10 Diplomatic Investigations is a classic work in the field of International Relations. It is one of the few books in the field of International Relations (IR) that can be called iconic. Edited by Herbert Butterfield and Martin Wight, it brings together twelve papers delivered to early meetings of the British Committee on the Theory of International Politics, including several classic essays: Wight's 'Why is there no International Theory?' and 'Western Values in International Relations', Hedley Bull's 'Society and Anarchy in International Relations' and 'The Grotian Conception of International Society', and the two contributions made by Butterfield and by Wight on 'The Balance of Power'. Individually and collectively, these chapters have influenced not just the English school of international relations, but also a range of other approaches to the field of IR. After Diplomatic Investigations ceased to be available in print, it became a highly sought after book in the second-hand marketplace. This reissue, which includes a new introduction by Ian Hall and Tim Dunne, will ensure the book is available in the normal way, thereby enabling new generations of students and scholars to appreciate the work.
  moralistic diplomacy: Overcoming Might is Right Hassan Qudrat-Ullah, 24-10-30 Overcoming Might is Right: Promoting Global Peace Efforts delves into the persistent influence of the might is right doctrine in international relations, offering a comprehensive analysis of its historical roots, contemporary manifestations, and implications for global peace and stability. This book challenges the entrenched norms of power politics and proposes alternative frameworks for international cooperation. Through critical examination and scholarly insights, it explores the dynamics of Realpolitik, security imperatives, nationalism, resource competition, and global power disparities. By advocating for diplomatic mechanisms, sustainable development, and inclusive societies, the book provides practical strategies for policymakers, academics, and practitioners to promote a more just and peaceful world order. This essential read offers a unique blend of theoretical and practical perspectives, aiming to transform the current geopolitical landscape and foster global peace efforts.
  moralistic diplomacy: The Oxford Handbook of Modern Diplomacy Andrew Fenton Cooper, Jorge Heine, Ramesh Thakur, 2013-03-28 Including chapters from some of the leading experts in the field this Handbook provides a full overview of the nature and challenges of modern diplomacy and includes a tour d'horizon of the key ways in which the theory and practice of modern diplomacy are evolving in the 21st Century.