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Antecedent Meaning in Psychology: Understanding the Triggers of Behavior
Understanding the "why" behind human behavior is a fundamental goal of psychology. A key element in this understanding lies in identifying antecedents – the events, situations, or stimuli that precede and influence a specific behavior. This article delves deep into the meaning of antecedents in psychology, exploring their different types, how they are identified, and their crucial role in behavioral analysis and modification. We'll unravel the complexities of antecedent control and demonstrate how understanding antecedents can significantly improve our ability to predict, understand, and even change behavior. Prepare to gain a clearer perspective on the intricate dance between stimuli and response.
What are Antecedents in Psychology?
In simple terms, an antecedent is anything that comes before a behavior. It's the setting the stage, the context, the trigger. Think of it as the "A" in the ABCs of behavior: Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence. Antecedents aren't just random occurrences; they are often directly related to the behavior that follows. A loud noise (antecedent) might trigger a startled jump (behavior). The sight of delicious food (antecedent) might lead to salivation (behavior). These events, seemingly simple, illustrate the fundamental role antecedents play in shaping our actions.
Understanding antecedents is crucial because they provide valuable insight into the predictability and controllability of behavior. By identifying the antecedents associated with a specific behavior, we can better understand the factors contributing to it and, potentially, develop strategies for managing or modifying that behavior. This understanding forms the cornerstone of various therapeutic approaches, particularly in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA).
Types of Antecedents
Antecedents are not a monolithic entity. They exist in various forms, each influencing behavior in unique ways. Some key categories include:
Environmental Stimuli: These are physical aspects of the environment that trigger a response. Examples include sights, sounds, smells, tastes, and textures. A brightly colored toy (visual stimulus) might elicit a child's attention and playful behavior.
Internal Stimuli: These are internal states or feelings that can influence behavior. Hunger, thirst, pain, fatigue, or even mood swings are examples. A feeling of hunger (internal stimulus) might lead someone to seek out food.
Social Stimuli: These are interactions with other people that serve as antecedents. A teacher's praise (social stimulus) can encourage a student to continue working diligently. Conversely, peer pressure (social stimulus) can lead to risky behaviors.
Instructional Stimuli: These are explicit directions or requests that influence behavior. A doctor's instruction to take medication (instructional stimulus) can lead to compliance.
Identifying and Analyzing Antecedents
Pinpointing the antecedents related to a specific behavior requires careful observation and analysis. Functional Behavioral Assessment (FBA) is a systematic process used to identify the function of a behavior and the factors that contribute to it, including antecedents. FBAs often involve:
Direct Observation: Systematically observing the individual in their natural environment to identify patterns between antecedents and behaviors.
Interviews: Talking to the individual, caregivers, teachers, or others who interact with the individual to gather information about the behavior and its context.
Indirect Assessment: Gathering information through questionnaires, checklists, or other methods to understand the behavior's history and patterns.
Antecedents and Behavior Modification
The power of understanding antecedents lies in its application to behavior modification. Once we identify the antecedents triggering undesirable behaviors, we can implement strategies to modify or control them. This might involve:
Antecedent Manipulation: Altering the environment or situation to minimize the likelihood of the undesirable behavior occurring. For example, removing tempting treats (antecedent manipulation) can help someone avoid overeating.
Antecedent Interventions: Proactively introducing stimuli or situations that encourage desirable behaviors. For example, providing a quiet workspace (antecedent intervention) can help someone focus better.
The Importance of Antecedents in Everyday Life
The principles of antecedents extend far beyond the clinical setting. Understanding antecedents plays a vital role in various aspects of our lives:
Parenting: Recognizing the antecedents that trigger tantrums or other challenging behaviors in children allows parents to develop effective strategies to prevent or manage them.
Education: Identifying antecedents influencing student behavior enables educators to create more supportive and effective learning environments.
Workplace: Understanding the antecedents leading to workplace accidents or conflicts helps in implementing safety measures and conflict resolution strategies.
Book Outline: "Unlocking Behavior: A Practical Guide to Antecedents"
By: Dr. Evelyn Reed, PhD
Introduction: Defining antecedents in psychology, their importance, and the ABC model of behavior.
Chapter 1: Types of Antecedents: A detailed exploration of environmental, internal, social, and instructional antecedents with real-world examples.
Chapter 2: Functional Behavioral Assessment (FBA): A step-by-step guide to conducting an FBA, including direct observation, interviews, and indirect assessment techniques.
Chapter 3: Antecedent Manipulation and Intervention Strategies: Practical strategies for modifying antecedents to promote desirable behaviors and reduce undesirable ones.
Chapter 4: Antecedents in Different Contexts: Applications of antecedent understanding in parenting, education, and the workplace.
Conclusion: Recap of key concepts, emphasizing the ongoing role of antecedent awareness in improving behavioral understanding and management.
Chapter 1: Types of Antecedents – A Deeper Dive
This chapter will expand on the different types of antecedents introduced earlier. We'll analyze numerous real-world examples, illustrating how each type influences behavior. We'll explore the subtleties of how internal states, like anxiety or excitement, can act as powerful antecedents. We’ll also delve into the nuances of social antecedents, looking at how peer influence, authority figures, and even subtle social cues can dramatically shape actions. The chapter will conclude with a practical exercise to help readers identify and categorize antecedents in their own lives.
Chapter 2: Mastering Functional Behavioral Assessment (FBA)
This chapter will provide a comprehensive guide to conducting an FBA. We'll outline each step in detail, providing practical tips and techniques for effective data collection and analysis. We'll examine various data collection methods—direct observation, interviews, rating scales, and questionnaires—and show how to integrate these methods for a comprehensive understanding of the behavior. The chapter will also address potential challenges in conducting an FBA and offer solutions to overcome them.
Chapter 3: Practical Strategies for Antecedent-Based Behavior Modification
This chapter will focus on practical strategies for using antecedent information to modify behavior. We’ll explore various techniques, including antecedent manipulation (e.g., environmental restructuring, prompting, chaining) and antecedent interventions (e.g., providing cues, setting clear expectations, creating visual schedules). Case studies will be presented to illustrate the successful application of these strategies in different settings. The chapter will conclude with a problem-solving section, where readers can apply their knowledge to real-life scenarios.
Chapter 4: Antecedents in the Real World: Applications Across Contexts
This chapter explores the broad applicability of antecedent understanding across various life domains. We will examine how understanding antecedents benefits parenting (managing childhood tantrums, promoting positive behaviors), education (creating effective classroom management strategies, fostering student engagement), and the workplace (improving safety, reducing conflict, enhancing productivity). Real-world examples and practical strategies for each context will be provided.
FAQs
1. What is the difference between an antecedent and a consequence? An antecedent precedes a behavior, while a consequence follows it. Antecedents trigger behaviors, while consequences influence the likelihood of that behavior happening again.
2. Can a single behavior have multiple antecedents? Yes, most behaviors are influenced by multiple antecedents working together.
3. How can I tell if I'm accurately identifying antecedents? Consistent observation, data collection, and consideration of multiple sources of information (direct observation, interviews) are crucial for accurate antecedent identification.
4. Is antecedent-based intervention suitable for all behavioral problems? While effective for many, it's not a one-size-fits-all solution. Severe or complex behavioral issues might require a multi-faceted approach.
5. How can I involve others in identifying antecedents? Collaborate with those who interact regularly with the individual exhibiting the behavior. Their insights can provide valuable context.
6. What if the antecedents are difficult or impossible to change? Focus on implementing interventions that mitigate the impact of the antecedents or teach alternative coping mechanisms.
7. Are there ethical considerations when manipulating antecedents? Always prioritize the individual's well-being and autonomy. Avoid coercive or manipulative strategies.
8. How can I measure the effectiveness of antecedent-based interventions? Regularly monitor the frequency and intensity of the target behavior to assess the impact of the interventions.
9. Where can I find more resources on antecedents and behavior modification? Professional organizations like the Association for Behavior Analysis International (ABAI) offer valuable resources and training.
Related Articles:
1. Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA): A comprehensive overview of this evidence-based approach to behavior modification.
2. Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA) Techniques: Detailed explanation of various FBA methods and their applications.
3. Behavior Modification Strategies for Children: Practical strategies for managing challenging behaviors in children using antecedent-based interventions.
4. Antecedent Control in the Classroom: Techniques for managing disruptive behaviors in educational settings.
5. The Role of Antecedents in Workplace Safety: How understanding antecedents can improve workplace safety and reduce accidents.
6. Antecedent-Based Interventions for Anxiety Disorders: Application of antecedent manipulation in managing anxiety.
7. The ABCs of Behavior: A Practical Guide: A detailed explanation of the ABC model and its application in behavior analysis.
8. Observational Learning and Antecedents: The influence of observational learning on the development and modification of behavior.
9. The Importance of Environmental Antecedents: Focus on the impact of environmental factors on behavior.
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Theory-Based Data Analysis for the Social Sciences Carol S. Aneshensel, 2013 This book presents the elaboration model for the multivariate analysis of observational quantitative data. This model entails the systematic introduction of third variables to the analysis of a focal relationship between one independent and one dependent variable to ascertain whether an inference of causality is justified. Two complementary strategies are used: an exclusionary strategy that rules out alternative explanations such as spuriousness and redundancy with competing theories, and an inclusive strategy that connects the focal relationship to a network of other relationships, including the hypothesized causal mechanisms linking the focal independent variable to the focal dependent variable. The primary emphasis is on the translation of theory into a logical analytic strategy and the interpretation of results. The elaboration model is applied with case studies drawn from newly published research that serve as prototypes for aligning theory and the data analytic plan used to test it; these studies are drawn from a wide range of substantive topics in the social sciences, such as emotion management in the workplace, subjective age identification during the transition to adulthood, and the relationship between religious and paranormal beliefs. The second application of the elaboration model is in the form of original data analysis presented in two Analysis Journals that are integrated throughout the text and implement the full elaboration model. Using real data, not contrived examples, the text provides a step-by-step guide through the process of integrating theory with data analysis in order to arrive at meaningful answers to research questions. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: The Three Strangers Thomas Hardy, 2009-02-27 Hardy's The Three Strangers is the story of three mysterious men, one of them, Timothy Summers, convicted of sheep-stealing, who interrupt party of shepherds celebrating a birth and a christening. The men behave strangely indeed.... |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Handbook of Behavioral Interventions in Schools Assistant Professor Department of Psychology Keith C Radley, Evan H. Dart, Assistant Professor School Psychology Program Evan H Dart, 2019-04-03 Tasked chiefly with providing effective instruction, classroom teachers must also manage student behavior. Prevalence of student problem behavior is a strong indicator of failing schools, and has been linked to reduced academic achievement, truancy, bullying, and loss of teacher time. As such demand is on the rise for intervention programs that may effectively reduce levels of problem behavior in schools. Handbook of Behavioral Interventions in Schools is a comprehensive collection of evidence-based strategies for addressing student behavior in the classroom and other school settings. Experts in the fields of special education and school psychology provide practical guidance on over twenty behavior interventions that can be used to promote appropriate student behavior. Framed within a multi-tiered system of support, a framework representing one of the predominant service delivery models in schools, interventions are categorized as Tier I, Tier II, or Tier III, and chapters provide insight into how students might be placed in and moved through respective levels of service intensity. Each chapter details a specific intervention strategy, and includes reproducible materials to facilitate use of the intervention, case studies, and further reading for school-based practitioners. Introductory chapters on behavior analysis, multi-tiered systems of support, and law and ethics place the practical guides in a context that is relevant for school-based practice. Walking readers through the entire process of assessment of problem behaviors to intervention and progress monitoring, Handbook of Behavioral Interventions in Schools is an invaluable resource for special education teachers, school psychologists, and trainees in these fields. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Measuring Well-being Matthew T. Lee, Laura D. Kubzansky, Tyler J. VanderWeele, 2021 This edited volume explores conceptual and practical challenges in measuring well-being. Given the bewildering array of measures available, and ambiguity regarding when and how to measure particular aspects of well-being, knowledge in the field can be difficult to reconcile. Representing numerous disciplines including psychology, economics, sociology, statistics, public health, theology, and philosophy, contributors consider the philosophical and theological traditions on happiness, well-being and the good life, as well as recent empirical research on well-being and its measurement. Leveraging insights across diverse disciplines, they explore how research can help make sense of the proliferation of different measures and concepts, while also proposing new ideas to advance the field. Some chapters engage with philosophical and theological traditions on happiness, well-being and the good life, some evaluate recent empirical research on well-being and consider how measurement requirements may vary by context and purpose, and others more explicitly integrate methods and synthesize knowledge across disciplines. The final section offers a lively dialogue about a set of recommendations for measuring well-being derived from a consensus of the contributors. Collectively, the chapters provide insight into how scholars might engage beyond disciplinary boundaries and contribute to advances in conceptualizing and measuring well-being. Bringing together work from across often siloed disciplines will provide important insight regarding how people can transcend unhealthy patterns of both individual behavior and social organization in order to pursue the good life and build better societies-- |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders Fred R. Volkmar, 2016 |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Antecedents and consequences of employee based brand equity Muhammad Waseem Bari, T. Ramayah, Francesca Di Virgilio, Emilia Alaverdov, 2023-04-06 |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Components of Emotional Meaning Johnny R. J. Fontaine, Klaus R. Scherer, Cristina Soriano, 2013-08 When using emotion terms such as anger, sadness, fear, disgust, and contempt, it is assumed that the terms used in the native language of the researchers, and translated into English, are completely equivalent in meaning. This is often not the case. This book presents an extensive cross-cultural/linguistic review of the meaning of emotion words |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Antecedents and Outcomes of Employee-Based Brand Equity Bari, Muhammad Waseem, Abrar, Muhammad, Alaverdov, Emilia, 2022-06-17 Branding and human capital are considered a firm’s most important assets, and the development of these intangible assets is a particularly challenging and important management task for human resource managers and marketers. Employee-based brand equity is a key advantage for the organization and an important part of the brand-based evaluation. To develop an effective and strong employee-based brand equity, firms need to focus on the perceptions of employees and promote positive attitudes about affiliation with the firm. Antecedents and Outcomes of Employee-Based Brand Equity explores the antecedents and consequences of employee-based brand equity from different perspectives and different artifacts of employee-based brand equity. This book highlights the importance of brand equity from a human resource management perspective. It further highlights the ways in which brand equity can be fruitful in understanding and learning different theories and concepts with the interaction of different industries and culture. Covering topics such as employee retention, psychological capital, and brand experience, this premier reference source is an indispensable resource for corporate offices, human resource managers, business leaders and managers, governmental organizations, marketing professionals, customer service professionals, libraries, students and educators of higher education, researchers, and academicians. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Components of emotional meaning Johnny J. R. Fontaine, Klaus R. Scherer, Cristina Soriano, 2013-08-01 Publications on emotion (and the affective sciences in general) have exploded in the last decade. Numerous research teams and individual scholars from many different disciplines have published research papers or books about many different aspects of emotions and their role in behaviour and society. However, One aspect of emotional research that has been somewhat neglected, is the way in which emotional terms translate into other languages. When using terms like anger, sadness, fear, disgust, and joy for so-called basic emotions, as well as terms like shame, guilt, pride, regret and contempt for more complex emotions, it is naturally assumed that the emotion terms used for research in the native language of the researchers and translated into English are completely equivalent in meaning. However, this is not generally the case. In many cases there is no direct one to one relationship between an English term and a term in an alternative language. In fact, there can be significant differences in the way that these seemingly similar emotional terms can be applied across various languages, with important implications for how we review and appraise this work. This book presents an extensive cross-cultural and cross-linguistic review of the meaning of emotion words, adopting a novel methodological approach. Based on the Component Process Model, the authors developed a new instrument to assess the meaning of emotion terms. This instrument, the GRID questionnaire, consists of a grid of 24 emotion terms spanning the emotion domain and 142 emotion features that operationalize five emotion components (Appraisals, Bodily reactions, Expressions, Action tendencies, and Feelings). For the operationalization of these five emotion components, very different emotion models from the Western and the cultural-comparative emotion literature were taken into account. 'Components of Emotional Meaning' includes contributions from psychological, cultural-comparative, and linguistic perspectives demonstrating how this new instrument can be used to empirically study very different research questions on the meaning of emotion terms. The implications of the results for major theoretical debates on emotion are also discussed. For all researchers in the affective sciences, this book is an important new reference work. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Fundamental Questions in Cross-Cultural Psychology Fons J. R. van de Vijver, Athanasios Chasiotis, Seger M. Breugelmans, 2011-03-17 Cross-cultural psychology has come of age as a scientific discipline, but how has it developed? The field has moved from exploratory studies, in which researchers were mainly interested in finding differences in psychological functioning without any clear expectation, to detailed hypothesis tests of theories of cross-cultural differences. This book takes stock of the large number of empirical studies conducted over the last decades to evaluate the current state of the field. Specialists from various domains provide an overview of their area, linking it to the fundamental questions of cross-cultural psychology such as how individuals and their cultures are linked, how the link evolves during development, and what the methodological challenges of the field are. This book will appeal to academic researchers and post-graduates interested in cross-cultural research. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: The Psychology of Organizational Change Shaul Oreg, Alexandra Michel, Rune Todnem By, 2013-04-18 This volume examines organizational change from the employee's perspective. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: The Macmillan Dictionary of Psychology Stuart Sutherland, 1995-12-18 This completely revised edition incorporates over a 1000 new terms that have come into usage since the first edition was published in 1987. In addition, the definitions of many of the original terms have been revised and many new usages added. The dictionary includes as many terms as possible from other related disciplines - including psychiatry, artificial intelligence, linguistics, statistics, neurology, neurophysiology, brain chemistry, genetics etc. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Essential Psychology for Nurses and Other Health Professionals Graham Russell, 2002-01-08 All pre-registration students study psychology (new entrants in UK in 1997 = c24,000) |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Compositionality and Concepts in Linguistics and Psychology James A. Hampton, Yoad Winter, 2017-09-19 By highlighting relations between experimental and theoretical work, this volume explores new ways of addressing one of the central challenges in the study of language and cognition. The articles bring together work by leading scholars and younger researchers in psychology, linguistics and philosophy. An introductory chapter lays out the background on concept composition, a problem that is stimulating much new research in cognitive science. Researchers in this interdisciplinary domain aim to explain how meanings of complex expressions are derived from simple lexical concepts and to show how these meanings connect to concept representations. Traditionally, much of the work on concept composition has been carried out within separate disciplines, where cognitive psychologists have concentrated on concept representations, and linguists and philosophers have focused on the meaning and use of logical operators. This volume demonstrates an important change in this situation, where convergence points between these three disciplines in cognitive science are emerging and are leading to new findings and theoretical insights. This book is open access under a CC BY license. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Handbook of Psychology, Developmental Psychology Irving B. Weiner, Donald K. Freedheim, 2003-01-03 This work provides an overview of cognitive, intellectual, personality, and social development across the lifespan, with attention to infancy, early childhood, middle childhood, adolescence, and early/middle/late adulthood. Chapters cover a broad range of core topics including language acquisition, identity formation, and the role of family, peers, school, and workplace influences on continuity and change over time. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Cognitive and Perceptual Rehabilitation Glen Gillen, 2008-04-29 Reflecting current practice with a renewed focus on function-based assessments and evidence-based interventions, Cognitive and Perceptual Rehabilitation: Optimizing Function includes all of the tools you need to make a positive impact on your patients’ lives. This clinical resource summarizes, highlights, and constructively critiques the state of cognitive and perceptual rehabilitation. This text helps you enhance your patients’ quality of life by promoting improved performance of necessary and meaningful activities, and decreasing participation restrictions. Evidence-based intervention tables focus on improving daily function through proven methods. Summary tables highlight each assessment’s clinical utility and pyschometric properties to provide you with the tools you need to choose the best assessment for each patient. An entire chapter on Application of Concepts features five case studies, each discussing background data and medical record review, evaluation findings, assessments, long-term goals, short-term goals, and interventions/functional activities to help you apply the theories and principles from the book to real-world situations. Handy learning aids including Key Terms, Learning Objectives, and Review Questions help you remember important information. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development Sam Goldstein, Jack A. Naglieri, 2010-11-23 This reference work breaks new ground as an electronic resource. Utterly comprehensive, it serves as a repository of knowledge in the field as well as a frequently updated conduit of new material long before it finds its way into standard textbooks. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Positivism in Psychology Charles W. Tolman, 2012-12-06 Positivism needs further scrutiny. In recent years, there has been little consensus about the nature of positivism or about the precise forms its influence has taken on psychological theory. One symptom of this lack of clarity has been that ostensibly anti-positivist psychological theorizing is frequently found reproducing one or more distinctively positivist assumptions. The contributors to this volume believe that, while virtually every theoretically engaged psychologist today openly rejects positivism in both its 19th century and 20th century forms, it is indispensable to look at positivism from all sides and to appraise its role and importance in order to make possible the further development of psychological theory. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: The Path to a Meaningful Purpose Luis A. Marrero, MA, RODP, 2013-07 Part scholarly psychological research, part self-improvement book, Th e Path to a Meaningful Purpose helps you answer four existential questions: Who am I? What matters in life? Why am I here? How do I successfully fulfi ll my life purpose? Author Luis A. Marrero uses psychology to help you understand the meaning and purpose of your life, and how to succeed. Marrero introduces foundations of a new movement in psychology called logoteleology, chiefl y a blend of logotherapy, psychological theories of motivation, and teleology, that he calls the science of meaningful purpose. It provides a basis to help you - understand why people suff er and institutions fail to reach their potential despite the availability of practical solutions; - discover who you are by learning about identities and how they are formed and improved; - realize what is meaningful and meaningless in life; - resolve to make decisions that set you up to make the best of what life off ers; - fi nd and commit to a meaningful purpose that serves as a guiding compass for a fulfi lling life; - learn how to set goals and make choices that are compatible with what is meaningful to you; and - determine how you can select and use the right type of motivation that builds and strengthens your mental stamina and the confi dence to win in life. Th e Path to a Meaningful Purpose, a foundational guide, is the fi rst in a planned anthology. It explains why you behave the way you do and how your behavior impacts your ability to enjoy life to its fullest, off ering ways to help you grow and succeed. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: The Psychology of Thinking John Paul Minda, 2020-10-05 The Psychology of Thinking is an engaging, interesting and easy-to-follow guide into the essential concepts behind our reasoning, decision-making and problem-solving. Clearly structured into 3 sections, this book will; Introduce your students to organisation of thought including memory, language and concepts; Expand their understanding of reasoning including inference and induction as well as motivation and the impact of mood; Improve their thinking in action, focusing on decision-making and problem-solving. Suitable for any course in which students need to develop their judgement and decision-making skills, this book uses clever examples of real-world situations to help them understand and apply the theories discussed to their everyday thinking. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Psychology of Learning and Motivation , 1982-03-18 Psychology of Learning and Motivation |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Encyclopedia of Applied Psychology Charles Spielberger, 2004-09-02 Encompasses topics including aging (geropsychology), assessment, clinical, cognitive, community, counseling, educational, environmental, family, industrial/organizational, health, school, sports, and transportation psychology. Each entry provides a clear definition, a brief review of the theoretical basis, and emphasizes major areas of application. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Handbook of Psychology, Developmental Psychology Richard M. Lerner, M. Ann Easterbrooks, Jayanthi Mistry, 2003-03-04 Includes established theories and cutting-edge developments. Presents the work of an international group of experts. Presents the nature, origin, implications, an future course of major unresolved issues in the area. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: John Dewey - Ultimate Collection: 40+ Works on Psychology, Education, Philosophy & Politics John Dewey, 2023-12-30 This John Dewey collection is formatted to the highest digital standards. The edition incorporates an interactive table of contents, footnotes and other information relevant to the content which makes the reading experience meticulously organized and enjoyable. The collection contains: Books on Education Democracy and Education Child and the Curriculum School and Society Schools Of To-morrow The Schools of Utopia Moral Principles in Education Interest and Effort in Education Health and Sex in Higher Education My Pedagogic Creed Books on Philosophy German Philosophy and Politics Leibniz's New Essays Concerning the Human Understanding Studies in Logical Theory Interpretation of Savage Mind Ethics The Problem of Values Soul and Body Logical Conditions of a Scientific Treatment of Morality Evolutionary Method As Applied To Morality Influence of Darwin on Philosophy Nature and Its Good: A conversation Intelligence and Morals Experimental Theory of Knowledge Intellectualist Criterion for Truth A Short Catechism Concerning Truth Beliefs and Existences Experience and Objective Idealism The Postulate of Immediate Empiricism Consciousness and Experience Significance of the Problem of Knowledge Essays in Experimental Logic Reconstruction in Philosophy Does Reality Possess Practical Character? Books on Psychology Psychology and Social Practice Psychological Doctrine and Philosophical Teaching Psychology as Philosophic Method New Psychology How We Think Reflex Arc Concept in Psychology Psychology of Effort Creative Intelligence Ego as Cause Terms 'Conscious' and 'Consciousness' On Some Current Conceptions of the term 'Self' Psychological Standpoint Theory of Emotion Psychology of Infant Language Knowledge and Speech Reaction Human Nature and Conduct Books on Politics China, Japan and the U.S.A Letters Criticisms ... John Dewey (1859-1952) is one of the primary figures associated with the philosophy of pragmatism and is considered one of the founders of functional psychology. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: A Critical Introduction to Sport Psychology Aidan Moran, John Toner, 2017-02-24 The new third edition of A Critical Introduction to Sport Psychology is the only textbook in the field that provides a detailed overview of key theories, concepts and findings within the discipline of sport psychology, as well as a critical perspective that examines and challenges these core foundations. Fully revised and updated, the new edition covers key research findings affecting both participation and performance in sport, including topics such as motivation, anxiety, emotional coping, concentration, mental imagery, expertise and team cohesion. In addition, the book includes a range of helpful features that bring the science to life, including critical thinking exercises, suggestions for student projects and new In the spotlight boxes that highlight key advances in theory or practice. A comprehensive glossary is also included, whilst a final chapter examines some new horizons in sport psychology, including embodied cognition and socio-cultural perspectives. Sport is played with the body but often won in the mind; that is the theory. A Critical Introduction to Sport Psychology is the definitive textbook for anyone wishing to engage critically with this fascinating idea. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Routledge International Handbook of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology Brent D. Slife, Stephen C. Yanchar, Frank C. Richardson, 2021-12-28 Routledge International Handbook of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology is a compilation of works by leading scholars in theoretical and philosophical psychology that offers critical analyses of, and alternatives to, current theories and philosophies typically taken for granted in mainstream psychology. Within their chapters, the expert authors briefly describe accepted theories and philosophies before explaining their problems and exploring fresh, new ideas for practice and research. These alternative ideas offer thought-provoking ways of reinterpreting many aspects of human existence often studied by psychologists. Organized into five sections, the volume covers the discipline of psychology in general, various subdisciplines (e.g., positive psychology and human development), concepts of self and identity as well as research and practice. Together the chapters present a set of alternative ideas that have the potential to take the field of psychology in fruitful directions not anticipated in more traditional theory and research. This handbook will be a valuable resource for students and scholars of the theory, assumptions, and history of psychology. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Handbook of Child Psychology and Developmental Science, Theory and Method , 2015-04-06 The essential reference for human development theory, updated and reconceptualized The Handbook of Child Psychology and Developmental Science, a four-volume reference, is the field-defining work to which all others are compared. First published in 1946, and now in its Seventh Edition, the Handbook has long been considered the definitive guide to the field of developmental science. Volume 1, Theory and Method, presents a rich mix of classic and contemporary theoretical perspectives, but the dominant views throughout are marked by an emphasis on the dynamic interplay of all facets of the developmental system across the life span, incorporating the range of biological, cognitive, emotional, social, cultural, and ecological levels of analysis. Examples of the theoretical approaches discussed in the volume include those pertinent to human evolution, self regulation, the development of dynamic skills, and positive youth development. The research, methodological, and applied implications of the theoretical models discussed in the volume are presented. Understand the contributions of biology, person, and context to development within the embodied ecological system Discover the relations among individual, the social world, culture, and history that constitute human development Examine the methods of dynamic, developmental research Learn person-oriented methodological approaches to assessing developmental change The scholarship within this volume and, as well, across the four volumes of this edition, illustrate that developmental science is in the midst of a very exciting period. There is a paradigm shift that involves increasingly greater understanding of how to describe, explain, and optimize the course of human life for diverse individuals living within diverse contexts. This Handbook is the definitive reference for educators, policy-makers, researchers, students, and practitioners in human development, psychology, sociology, anthropology, and neuroscience. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Social Cognitive Psychology David F. Barone, James E. Maddux, C. R. Snyder, 2012-11-19 A pragmatic social cognitive psychology covers a lot of territory, mostly in personality and social psychology but also in clinical, counseling, and school psychologies. It spans a topic construed as an experimental study of mechanisms by its natural science wing and as a study of cultural interactions by its social science wing. To learn about it, one should visit laboratories, field study settings, and clinics, and one should read widely. If one adds the fourth dimen sion, time, one should visit the archives too. To survey such a diverse field, it is common to offer an edited book with a resulting loss in integration. This book is coauthored by a social personality psychologist with historical interests (DFB: Parts I, II, and IV) in collaboration with two social clinical psychologists (CRS and JEM: Parts III and V). We frequently cross-reference between chapters to aid integration without duplication. To achieve the kind of diversity our subject matter represents, we build each chapter anew to reflect the emphasis of its content area. Some chapters are more historical, some more theoretical, some more empirical, and some more applied. All the chapters reflect the following positions. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Mind. A Quarterly Review of Psychology and Philosophy Anonymous, 2024-06-17 Reprint of the original, first published in 1885. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Positive Psychology in Everyday Life Margarida Pocinho, Soraia Garcês, Daniela Popa, 2022-06-28 |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Clinical Phenomenology and Cognitive Psychology David Fewtrell, Kieron O'Connor, 2013-10-08 Cognitive therapies are often biased in their assessment of clinical problems by their emphasis on the role of verbally-mediated thought in shaping our emotions, and in stressing the influence of thought upon feeling. Alternatively, a more phenomenological appraisal of psychological dysfunction suggests that emotion and thinking are complementary processes which influence each other. Cognitive psychology developed out of information-processing models, whereas phenomenological psychology is rooted in a philosophical perspective which avoids the assumptions of positivist methodology. But, despite their different origins, the two disciplines overlap and complement each other. This book, originally published in 1995, illustrates how feeling states are a crucial component of mental health problems and, if adequately differentiated, can result in a greater understanding of mental health. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: The Handbook of Culture & Psychology David Ricky Matsumoto, 2001 This is a review of selected areas and topics within cross-cultural psychology. The chapters presented provide a review of where cross-cultural psychology has been, and where it is headed in the future; and should be a valuable guide for beginning researchers and scholars alike. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: European Review of Social Psychology: Volume 25 Miles Hewstone, 2017-07-05 The European Review of Social Psychology (ERSP) is an international open-submission review journal, published under the auspices of the European Association of Social Psychology. It provides an outlet for substantial, theory-based reviews of empirical work addressing the full range of topics covered by the field of social psychology. Potential authorship is international, and papers are edited with the help of a distinguished, international editorial board. Articles published in ERSP typically review a programme of the author?s own research, as evidenced by the author's own papers published in leading peer-reviewed journals. The journal welcomes theoretical contributions that are underpinned by a substantial body of empirical research, which locate the research programme within a wider body of published research in that area, and provide an integration that is greater than the sum of the published articles. ERSP also publishes conventional reviews and meta-analyses. All published review articles in this journal have undergone rigorous peer review, based on initial screening and refereeing by the Editors and at least two independent, expert referees. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: A Critical History and Philosophy of Psychology Richard T. G. Walsh, Thomas Teo, Angelina Baydala, 2014-03-20 Presents a fresh perspective that explores the development of psychology as both a human and a natural science. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Handbook of Child Psychology, Theoretical Models of Human Development William Damon, Richard M. Lerner, 2006-05-19 Part of the authoritative four-volume reference that spans the entire field of child development and has set the standard against which all other scholarly references are compared. Updated and revised to reflect the new developments in the field, the Handbook of Child Psychology, Sixth Edition contains new chapters on such topics as spirituality, social understanding, and non-verbal communication. Volume 1: Theoretical Models of Human Development, edited by Richard M. Lerner, Tufts University, explores a variety of theoretical approaches, including life-span/life-course theories, socio-culture theories, structural theories, object-relations theories, and diversity and development theories. New chapters cover phenomenology and ecological systems theory, positive youth development, and religious and spiritual development. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: The Oxford Handbook of Leadership and Organizations David Day, 2014-05-20 As the leadership field continues to evolve, there are many reasons to be optimistic about the various theoretical and empirical contributions in better understanding leadership from a scholarly and scientific perspective. The Oxford Handbook of Leadership and Organizations brings together a collection of comprehensive, state-of-the-science reviews and perspectives on the most pressing historical and contemporary leadership issues - with a particular focus on theory and research - and looks to the future of the field. It provides a broad picture of the leadership field as well as detailed reviews and perspectives within the respective areas. Each chapter, authored by leading international authorities in the various leadership sub-disciplines, explores the history and background of leadership in organizations, examines important research issues in leadership from both quantitative and qualitative perspectives, and forges new directions in leadership research, practice, and education. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of the Psychology of Positivity and Strengths-Based Approaches at Work Lindsay G. Oades, Michael Steger, Antonelle Delle Fave, Jonathan Passmore, 2016-12-08 A state-of-the-art psychological perspective on positivity and strengths-based approaches at work This handbook makes a unique contribution to organizational psychology and HRM by providing comprehensive international coverage of the contemporary field of positivity and strengths-based approaches at work. It provides critical reviews of key topics such as resilience, wellbeing, hope, motivation, flow, authenticity, positive leadership and engagement, drawing on the work of leading thinkers including Kim Cameron, Shane Lopez, Peter Clough and Robert Biswas-Diener. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Handbook of Cross-cultural Psychology: Basic processes and human development John W. Berry, Ype H. Poortinga, Janak Pandey, 1997 The second volume in a set of three, this text incorporates the views of authors from a variety of nations, cultures, traditions and perspectives. It summarizes research in the areas of basic processes and developmental psychology, adopting a dynamic, constructivist and socio-historical approach. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: The Impact of Shared Vision on Leadership, Engagement, and Organizational Citizenship Richard Eleftherios Boyatzis, Kylie Rochford, Scott N. Taylor, 2015-10-28 According to management and psychology courses, as well as legions of consultants in organizational psychology, shared vision in dyads, teams and organizations can fill us with hope and inspire new possibilities, or delude us into following false prophets. However, few research studies have empirically examined the impact of shared vision on key organizational outcomes such as leadership effectiveness, employee engagement, organizational citizenship, coaching and organizational change. As a result, the field of organizational psychology has not yet established a causal pattern of whether, if, and how shared vision helps dyads, teams and organizations function more effectively. The lack of empirical work around shared vision is surprising given its long-standing history in the literature. Bennis and Nanus (1982) showed that distinctive leaders managed attention through vision. The practitioner literature has long proclaimed that vision is a key to change, while Conger and Kanungo (1998) discussed its link to charismatic leadership. Around the same time, positive psychology appeared in the forms of Appreciative Inquiry (Cooperrider, Sorensen, Whitney, & Yaeger, 2000) and Positive Organizational Scholarship (Cameron, Dutton, & Quinn, 2003). In this context, a shared vision or dream became a legitimate antecedent to sustainable change. But again, empirical measurement has been elusive. More recently, shared vision has been the focus of a number of dissertations and quantitative studies building on Intentional Change Theory (ICT) (Boyatzis, 2008) at dyad, team and organization levels of social systems. These studies are beginning to lay the foundations for a systematic body of empirical knowledge about the role of shared vision in an organizational context. For example, we now know that shared vision can activate neural networks that arouse endocrine systems and allow a person to consider the possibilities of a better future (Jack, Boyatzis, Leckie, Passarelli & Khawaja, 2013). Additionally, Boyatzis & Akrivou (2006) have discussed the role of a shared vision as the result of a well-developed set of factors that produce a desired image of the future. Outside of the organizational context, positive visioning has been known to help guide future behavior in sports psychology (Loehr & Schwartz, 2003), medical treatment (Roffe, Schmidt, & Ernst, 2005), musical performance (Meister, Krings, Foltys, Boroojerdi, Muller, Topper, & Thron, 2004), and academic performance (Curry, Snyder, Cook, Ruby, & Rehm, 1997). This Research Topic for Frontiers in Psychology is a collection of 14 original papers examining the role of vision and shared vision on a wide variety of desired dependent variables from leadership effectiveness and executive performance to organizational engagement, citizenship and corporate social responsibility, and how to develop it through coaching. |
| antecedent meaning in psychology: Collected Papers on Analytical Psychology C. G Jung, 2018-03-25 he Collected Works of C. G. Jung is a book series containing the first collected edition, in English translation, of the major writings of Swiss psychiatrist Carl Gustav Jung. The volumes were edited and translated from the original German by Gerhard Adler and R.F.C. Hull, occasionally with assistance from others. Most were not written by Jung as books, but are collections of papers, essays, lectures, letters, etc. written by Jung from 1902 until his death in 1961, and compiled by editors from 1945 onward.The series contains revised versions of works previously published, works not previously translated, and new translations of many of Jung's writings. Several of the volumes are extensively illustrated; each contains an index and most contain a bibliography. Prior to Jung's death he supervised the revisions of the text, some of which were extensive.An enormous body of Jung's work still remains unpublished. |
