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Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: A Comprehensive Guide
Introduction:
Are you struggling with debilitating emotional and physical symptoms in the days leading up to your period? Do you feel like your life is on hold each month, overwhelmed by intense mood swings, irritability, and anxiety? You might be experiencing Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). While medication can be helpful, many women find that Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) offers a powerful, long-term solution for managing PMDD symptoms. This comprehensive guide will explore the intricacies of PMDD, delve into the effectiveness of CBT as a treatment option, and provide you with practical strategies to implement this transformative therapy. We'll equip you with the knowledge and tools to regain control of your life and experience a significant improvement in your overall well-being.
Understanding Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
PMDD is a severe form of PMS, characterized by significantly disruptive and distressing mood swings, irritability, and physical symptoms in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle – the time between ovulation and menstruation. Unlike PMS, which might involve mild discomfort, PMDD symptoms are intense enough to interfere with daily life, relationships, and work. Symptoms typically resolve within a few days of the onset of menstruation. These symptoms can include:
Mood Swings: Extreme irritability, anxiety, depression, hopelessness, and feelings of being overwhelmed.
Emotional Symptoms: Increased tension, difficulty concentrating, feeling overwhelmed, and significant changes in mood and irritability.
Physical Symptoms: Breast tenderness, bloating, headaches, fatigue, changes in appetite, and sleep disturbances.
Behavioral Symptoms: Withdrawal from social activities, difficulty managing daily responsibilities, and increased conflict in relationships.
It's crucial to differentiate PMDD from regular PMS. While many women experience some degree of PMS, PMDD is defined by its severity and interference with daily functioning. If your symptoms significantly impair your quality of life, seeking professional help is essential. A diagnosis of PMDD is typically made through a combination of symptom tracking and a clinical interview.
The Role of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in PMDD Treatment
CBT is a highly effective evidence-based therapy that helps individuals identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviors. In the context of PMDD, CBT addresses the emotional and cognitive distortions that exacerbate symptoms. The therapy focuses on several key areas:
Identifying and Challenging Negative Thoughts: CBT helps individuals identify and challenge negative or catastrophic thoughts that often accompany PMDD, such as "I'm unlovable" or "I'll never be able to cope." By challenging these thoughts and replacing them with more realistic and balanced ones, individuals can significantly reduce emotional distress.
Behavioral Activation: This involves encouraging individuals to engage in activities that provide pleasure and a sense of accomplishment. During PMDD episodes, it's common to withdraw and avoid activities. Behavioral activation counteracts this tendency, improving mood and reducing feelings of helplessness.
Relaxation Techniques: Techniques like deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, and mindfulness meditation can help manage physical symptoms and reduce anxiety. These techniques provide tools for coping with the physical and emotional discomfort associated with PMDD.
Sleep Hygiene: Improving sleep quality is a crucial aspect of PMDD management. CBT can help address sleep disturbances by implementing strategies such as establishing a regular sleep schedule, creating a relaxing bedtime routine, and addressing underlying anxieties that disrupt sleep.
Stress Management: Stress can significantly worsen PMDD symptoms. CBT helps individuals develop effective coping strategies for managing stress, including time management techniques, problem-solving skills, and assertive communication.
How CBT Works in Practice for PMDD
A typical CBT program for PMDD involves several sessions with a trained therapist. The therapist will work collaboratively with the individual to:
1. Assess Symptoms: A thorough assessment helps identify the specific symptoms and their impact on daily life.
2. Identify Cognitive Distortions: The therapist helps identify negative thought patterns and beliefs contributing to PMDD symptoms.
3. Develop Coping Mechanisms: The therapist guides the individual in developing effective coping strategies for managing symptoms.
4. Behavioral Experiments: This involves testing out new behaviors and thought patterns in real-life situations to build confidence and reduce avoidance.
5. Relapse Prevention: The therapist helps the individual develop strategies to prevent relapse and manage future PMDD episodes effectively.
The Benefits of CBT for PMDD
CBT offers several significant advantages over other treatment options for PMDD:
Long-Term Management: Unlike medication, which primarily addresses symptoms, CBT equips individuals with lasting skills for managing PMDD.
Reduced Reliance on Medication: CBT can help reduce the need for medication or minimize dosage, reducing potential side effects.
Improved Quality of Life: By addressing underlying cognitive and behavioral patterns, CBT improves overall well-being and quality of life.
Empowerment: CBT empowers individuals to take control of their symptoms and actively participate in their recovery.
Ebook Outline: "Conquering PMDD: A Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Approach"
Introduction: Overview of PMDD, its impact, and the benefits of CBT.
Chapter 1: Understanding PMDD: In-depth exploration of PMDD symptoms, diagnosis, and the menstrual cycle.
Chapter 2: The Principles of CBT: Explanation of core CBT concepts and techniques.
Chapter 3: Identifying and Challenging Negative Thoughts: Practical strategies for identifying and reframing negative thought patterns.
Chapter 4: Behavioral Activation Techniques: Strategies for increasing engagement in pleasurable and fulfilling activities.
Chapter 5: Relaxation and Mindfulness Techniques: Guided practices for stress reduction and improved mood regulation.
Chapter 6: Sleep Hygiene and PMDD: Strategies for improving sleep quality and reducing sleep disturbances.
Chapter 7: Stress Management and PMDD: Effective stress management techniques tailored to PMDD.
Chapter 8: Building a Support System: The importance of social support and seeking help when needed.
Chapter 9: Maintaining Progress and Preventing Relapse: Strategies for long-term management and relapse prevention.
Conclusion: Recap of key concepts and encouragement for continued self-care.
(Detailed explanations for each chapter would follow here, expanding on the points outlined above. Each chapter would be approximately 150-200 words, providing detailed information and practical exercises for the reader.)
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. Is CBT effective for all women with PMDD? While CBT is highly effective for many, individual responses vary. It's important to work with a qualified therapist to determine if it's the right approach for you.
2. How many therapy sessions are typically needed? The number of sessions varies depending on individual needs, but it usually involves several sessions over several months.
3. Can CBT be combined with medication? Yes, CBT can be a valuable complement to medication, often enhancing its effectiveness.
4. Are there any side effects to CBT? CBT generally has no significant side effects, although some individuals may experience temporary discomfort as they confront challenging thoughts and emotions.
5. How do I find a therapist experienced in CBT for PMDD? You can contact your doctor, search online directories, or contact mental health organizations for referrals.
6. Can I learn CBT techniques independently? While self-help books and resources can be helpful, working with a trained therapist is usually more effective.
7. How long does it take to see results from CBT? Results vary, but many women experience noticeable improvements within a few weeks of starting therapy.
8. Is CBT expensive? The cost of CBT can vary, depending on your insurance coverage and the therapist's fees. Many therapists offer sliding-scale fees.
9. What if CBT doesn't work for me? If CBT isn't effective, other treatment options should be explored with your healthcare provider.
Related Articles:
1. Understanding the Menstrual Cycle and its Impact on Mood: Explores the hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle and their relationship to mood changes.
2. The Connection Between Stress and PMDD: Discusses the role of stress in exacerbating PMDD symptoms and provides stress-reduction strategies.
3. Nutrition and Lifestyle Changes for PMDD Management: Explores dietary modifications and lifestyle choices that can help alleviate PMDD symptoms.
4. Medication Options for PMDD Treatment: Reviews various medication options commonly prescribed for PMDD.
5. Self-Care Strategies for Managing PMDD Symptoms: Provides a range of self-care practices to support emotional and physical well-being during PMDD episodes.
6. Building a Support System for Women with PMDD: Emphasizes the importance of social support and offers strategies for building a strong support network.
7. PMDD and Relationships: Navigating Challenges and Building Resilience: Addresses the impact of PMDD on relationships and offers strategies for improving communication and understanding.
8. The Role of Exercise in Managing PMDD Symptoms: Explores the benefits of regular physical activity in alleviating PMDD symptoms.
9. Recognizing and Addressing PMDD in Adolescents: Focuses on the unique challenges of PMDD in adolescent girls and the importance of early intervention.
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premenstrual dysphoric disorder cognitive behavioral therapy: Contesting Illness Katherine Anne Teghtsoonian, Pamela Moss, 2008-01-01 Contesting Illness offers valuable insights into the assumptions, practices, and interactions that shape illness in the twenty-first century. |
premenstrual dysphoric disorder cognitive behavioral therapy: Managing the Monstrous Feminine Jane M. Ussher, 2006-01-18 This book will expand on the author’s previous work to include her latest research and thoughts on this topic. This book advances the study of women and our bodies in new and exciting ways – it is an important addition to the existing literature The author introduces interview and case material to bring potentially complex ideas of women’s experience of their bodies alive. |
premenstrual dysphoric disorder cognitive behavioral therapy: Advances in Psychiatry and Behavioral Heath, E-Book 2021 Deepak Prabhakar, 2021-08-09 Advances in Psychiatry and Behavioral Health is an annual review publication that covers the current practices and latest developments in the field. Each issue is divided into sections for comprehensive coverage of relevant hot topics areas within psychiatry, including, Neurosciences, Psychotherapeutics, Suicide Research, Women's Mental Health, Sports Psychiatry, and Education. The Editor-in-Chief of the publication is Dr. Dr. Deepak Prahhakar, a leading expert in the field.Topics covered this year include but are not limited to: Multifunctional Antidepressants: Beyond the SSRIs; Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of COVID-19; Third-wave CBT for OCD; Advances in Psychotherapy for PTSD; Advances in Psychotherapy for Eating Disorders; Lethal means safety approaches for suicide prevention; Identifying People at Risk for Suicide; Digital technology for suicide prevention; Treatment of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD); Domestic violence and its impact on women's mental health; Review of GABA-A receptor modulators in treatment of reproductive depression; Anxiety disorders in athletes; mental health symptoms and disorders in women athletes; diagnosis and management of substance use disorders in athletes; Mental Health in Youth Athletes; Advances in Psychology training; Learning Psychiatry Then and Now; and Dementia after traumatic brain injury. |
premenstrual dysphoric disorder cognitive behavioral therapy: Conn's Current Therapy 2021, E-Book Rick D. Kellerman, David P. Rakel, 2020-12-08 Designed to suit a wide range of healthcare providers, including primary care, subspecialties, and allied health, Conn’s Current Therapy has been a trusted clinical resource for well over 70 years. The 2021 edition continues this tradition of excellence with current, evidence-based treatment information presented in a concise yet in-depth format. More than 300 topics have been carefully reviewed and updated to bring you state-of-the-art information in even the most rapidly changing areas of medicine. Offers personal approaches from recognized leaders in the field, covering common complaints, acute diseases, and chronic illnesses along with the most current evidence-based clinical management options. Follows a consistent, easy-to-use format throughout, with diagnosis, therapy, drug protocols, and treatment pearls presented in quick-reference boxes and tables for point-of-care answers to common clinical questions. Includes new and significantly revised chapters on COVID-19, Diabetes Mellitus in Adults, Chronic Leukemias, and Osteomyelitis. Incorporates more electronic links throughout the text that connect the reader to apps and clinical prediction tools that can easily be accessed in practice. Features thoroughly reviewed and updated information from many new authors who offer a fresh perspective and their unique personal experience and judgment. Provides current drug information thoroughly reviewed by PharmDs. Features nearly 300 images, including algorithms, anatomical illustrations, and photographs, that provide useful information for diagnosis. |
premenstrual dysphoric disorder cognitive behavioral therapy: Tasman’s Psychiatry Allan Tasman, Michelle B. Riba, Renato D. Alarcón, César A. Alfonso, Shigenobu Kanba, Dusica Lecic-Tosevski, David M. Ndetei, Chee H. Ng, Thomas G. Schulze, 2024-09-30 Authored by over 500 internationally acclaimed expert editors and chapter authors from around the world. Completely updated and expanded with almost 40 new chapters. Significantly increased attention to the role of culture in all aspects of evaluation and care. New sections on Digital Mental Health Services and Technologies, Treatment Issues in Specific Populations and Settings, and on Prevention, Systems of Care, and Psychosocial Aspects of Treatment address key advances. This edition is the first comprehensive reference work to cover the entire field of psychiatry in an updateable format, ensuring access to state of the art information. Earlier editions were called “the best current textbook of psychiatry” by the New England Journal of Medicine, and “the gold standard” by the American Journal of Psychiatry. Tasman’s Psychiatry, 5th Edition, builds on the initial vision in prior editions of approaching psychiatric evaluation and care from an integrative bio-psycho-social-cultural perspective. It is designed to be an essential and accessible reference for readers at any level of experience. This editorial approach encompasses the importance of the first encounter between patient and clinician, followed by the complex task of beginning to develop a therapeutic relationship and to develop and implement a treatment plan in collaboration with the patient. The importance of increasing attention to the role of culture and social determinants of mental health is reflected both in specific chapters and in components of many chapters throughout the book, especially in those pertaining to clinical evaluation, the therapeutic alliance, and treatment. The global scope of this edition is reflected throughout the book, including the section on psychiatric disorders where evaluation using both ICD 11 and DSM 5-TR is discussed. Most chapters are authored by experts from at least two different countries or continents, adding a critically important dimension which often is missing in major psychiatric textbooks. Tasman’s Psychiatry, 5th Edition, is an essential reference for all medical professionals and students who need a trusted reference or learning tool for psychiatry, psychology, clinical research, social work, counseling, therapy, and all others. |
premenstrual dysphoric disorder cognitive behavioral therapy: The American Psychiatric Association Publishing Textbook of Mood Disorders, Second Edition Charles B. Nemeroff, M.D., Ph.D., Alan F. Schatzberg, M.D., Natalie Rasgon, M.D., Ph.D., Stephen M. Strakowski, M.D., 2022-06-16 Preceded by: The American Psychiatric Publishing textbook of mood disorders / edited by Dan J. Stein, David J. Kupfer, Alan F. Schatzberg. 1st ed. c2006. |
premenstrual dysphoric disorder cognitive behavioral therapy: Functional Disorders of the Menstrual Cycle Michael George Brush, E. M. Goudsmit, 1988 |
premenstrual dysphoric disorder cognitive behavioral therapy: The Sage Encyclopedia of Mood and Anxiety Disorders Dara G. Friedman-Wheeler, Amy Wenzel, 2024-10-15 Courses in psychological distress and disorders are among the most popular courses in psychology programs, and mood and anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent disorders covered in these classes and encountered by mental health professionals. Although there are books on mood and anxiety disorders, on particular aspects of them, and on their presentation in specific populations, such works do not provide students new to the field with a comprehensive and accessible ready reference for understanding these disorders with respect to their phenomenology, etiology, and treatment, and through an inclusive lens that consistently considers how these symptoms appear and are construed across cultures, addressing societal factors such as race, culture, equity, and oppression. It is hoped that The SAGE Encyclopedia of Mood and Anxiety Disorders will fill this gap, allowing students and other interested readers to become familiar with past and current approaches and theories and to enhance their understanding of the sociocultural factors that affect how we discuss, approach, and treat these types of psychological distress. As such, consideration of sociocultural factors will infuse the three-volume set. The encyclopedia will consist of approximately 450 entries (essays), arranged alphabetically within three volumes. |
premenstrual dysphoric disorder cognitive behavioral therapy: Disorders of Menstruation Paul Marshburn, Bradley Hurst, 2011-02-02 Learn how to interpret menstrual cycle events as vital signs for women. Irregularities in the pattern and amount of vaginal bleeding of uterine origin are often signs of pathology or an aberration in the function of the hypothalamic, pituitary, and ovarian system. The type of menstrual disorder when coupled to the women's age can give important signals as to the likely problem. Disorders of Menstruation follows the reproductive lifetime of women, from prepubertal abnormalities through the years of potential child bearing to menopause and beyond. The authors provide a conceptual framework to understand the mechanisms responsible for abnormal menstrual bleeding or early pregnancy failure. This clinically focused book is written for any practicing clinician who provides healthcare for girls and women. Disorders of Menstruation highlights accurate diagnostic algorithms that lead to evidence-based therapy or minimally invasive surgery using approaches that are practical, efficient, and cost-effective. A new addition to the Gynecology in Practice series. |
premenstrual dysphoric disorder cognitive behavioral therapy: The 5-Minute Clinical Consult 2020 Sangeeta Sharma, 2019-12-15 Over 250 diagnostic and treatment algorithms over 900 topics providing clinical guidance current evidence-based designations highlighted in each topic at-a-glance format with concise and bulleted text, ICD-10 codes, dsm-5criteria quick information to help in diagnosis, treatment selection and medication dosing easy-to-use reference at point of care providing quick answer to a direct clinical question. |
premenstrual dysphoric disorder cognitive behavioral therapy: Women's Mental Health, An Issue of Medical Clinics of North America, An Issue of Medical Clinics of North America Susan G. Kornstein, Anita H. Clayton, 2019-05-11 This issue of Medical Clinics, edited by Drs. Susan G. Kornstein and Anita H. Clayton, will cover a wide arrange of topics in the field of Women's Mental Health. Topics covered in this issue include, but are not limited to, Psychopharmacology in Pregnancy and Breastfeeding, Binge Eating Disorder, Substance Abuse in Women, Dementia in Women, Neuroendocrine Networks and Functionality, Lesbian and Transgender Mental Health, and Reproductive Rights and Women's Mental Health. |
premenstrual dysphoric disorder cognitive behavioral therapy: Conn's Current Therapy 2018 E-Book Rick D. Kellerman, Edward T. Bope, 2017-11-10 Designed for busy primary care specialists and other first-line care providers, Conn’s Current Therapy 2018, by Drs. Edward T. Bope and Rick D. Kellerman, delivers up-to-date treatment information in a concise yet in-depth format. Recognized leaders in the field provide their personal approaches and evidence-based clinical management options for the conditions you’re most likely to see in your everyday practice. Follows a consistent, templated format throughout, with diagnosis, therapy, drug protocols, and treatment pearls presented in easy-to-use boxes and tables for fast reference. Focuses on the most current diagnosis and treatment protocols for common complaints, acute diseases, and chronic illnesses – more than 300 topics, all carefully reviewed and updated. Features new and significantly revised chapters on Acute Myocardial Infarction, Hypertension, Peripheral Arterial Disease, Valvular Heart Disease, Hepatitis C, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Urethral Strictures, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Fibromyalgia, Menopause, Travel Medicine, and much more. Provides current drug information thoroughly reviewed by PharmDs. |
premenstrual dysphoric disorder cognitive behavioral therapy: The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Psychiatry, Sixth Edition Robert E. Hales, M.D., M.B.A, Stuart C. Yudofsky, M.D., Laura Weiss Roberts, M.D., M.A., 2014-03-18 The new sixth edition -- the only comprehensive psychiatry textbook to integrate all the new DSM-5(R) criteria -- provides the most up-to-date, authoritative, insightful foundational text in the field. Its contributors include authors of the definitive texts in their areas of specialization. |
premenstrual dysphoric disorder cognitive behavioral therapy: Selecting Effective Treatments Lourie W. Reichenberg, Linda Seligman, 2016-01-06 The bestselling treatment guide, updated to reflect changes to the DSM-5 Selecting Effective Treatmentsprovides a comprehensive resource for clinicians seeking to understand the symptoms and dynamics of mental disorders, in order to provide a range of treatment options based on empirically effective approaches. This new fifth edition has been updated to align with the latest changes to the DSM-5, and covers the latest research to help you draw upon your own therapeutic preferences while constructing an evidence-based treatment plan. Organized for quick navigation, each disorder is detailed following the same format that covers a description, characteristics, assessment tools, effective treatment options, and prognosis, including the type of therapy that is likely to be most successful treating each specific disorder. Updated case studies, treatments, and references clarify the latest DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, and the concise, jargon-free style makes this resource valuable to practitioners, students, and lay people alike. Planning treatment can be the most complicated part of a clinician's job. Mental disorders can be complex, and keeping up with the latest findings and treatment options can itself be a full time job. Selecting Effective Treatments helps simplify and organize the treatment planning process by putting critical information and useful planning strategies at your fingertips Get up to speed on the latest changes to the DSM-5 Conduct evidence-based treatment suited to your therapeutic style Construct Client Maps to flesh out comprehensive treatment plans Utilize assessment methods that reflect the changes to the DSM-5 multiaxial system Effective treatment begins with strategic planning, and it's important to match the intervention to your own strengths, preferences, and style as much as to the client's needs. Selecting Effective Treatments gives you the latest information and crucial background you need to provide the evidence-backed interventions your clients deserve. |
premenstrual dysphoric disorder cognitive behavioral therapy: The 5-Minute Clinical Consult 2011 Frank J. Domino, 2010 The 5-Minute Clinical Consult, 2011 provides rapid-access information on the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of over 900 medical conditions. This best-selling clinical content is accessible online with the enhanced, quarterly-updated site or on your mobile device, to ensure instant point-of-care access to information in whichever format best suits your needs. The content has been updated to include 20 new topics, more evidence-based medicine ratings, expanded clinical pearls and patient education sections, additional complementary and alternative medicine material, and updated ICD-9 codes highlighted within the text. The online content has been enhanced and now contains a better and faster search functionality providing answers in 30 seconds or less. It continues to have fully searchable content of the book with links to PubMed, plus additional topics not covered in the print book. The online content also has over 1,000 English and Spanish patient handouts from AAFP; full-color images; videos of medical procedures and physical therapy; a new dermatology library; drug databases from Facts & Comparisons including monographs, images, interactions and updates; and laboratory information from the new edition of Wallach's Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests. This content is updated quarterly with new topics, medical procedure videos, more diagnostic images, drugs, and more. You can access all your 5-Minute Consult content using any web enabled mobile device, including Blackberry, Windows Mobile, Android, Palm, Windows PC, iPhone, or iPod Touch. Begin integrating the 5-Minute content into your daily workflow today. |
premenstrual dysphoric disorder cognitive behavioral therapy: The Truth about ADHD and Other Neurobiological Disorders Karen Meyers, Robert N. Golden, Fred Peterson, 2010 Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder;(ADHD) is a neurobiological disorder; that is, it is an illness of the nervous system caused by genetic, metabolic, or other biological factors. |
premenstrual dysphoric disorder cognitive behavioral therapy: The American Psychiatric Association Publishing Textbook of Psychiatry, Seventh Edition Laura Weiss Roberts, M.D., M.A., 2019-05-02 The new seventh edition reflects advances in the understanding of the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of psychiatric disorders as well as the positive, transformational change that has taken place in the field of psychiatry. |
premenstrual dysphoric disorder cognitive behavioral therapy: Comprehensive Gynecology E-Book Gretchen M Lentz, Rogerio A. Lobo, David M Gershenson, Vern L. Katz, 2012-02-21 Comprehensive Gynecology provides you with complete, timely, and easy access to vital information on all the medical and surgical issues affecting your practice. Whether you’re a resident or practioner, you’ll get all the practical, in-depth coverage you need to stay at the forefront of your field. Now in its sixth edition, this core reference, formerly edited by Drs. Droegemueller, Stenchever, Mishell and Herbst, continues to be your primary resource for in-depth and up-to-date information. Stay up to date with the latest gynecologic advances through clear writing, a clinical focus, and a focus on evidence-based practices. Prepare for the challenges you’ll face in practice with a completely overhauled legal chapter containing factual scenarios. Stay current in your field with the most recent advances in breast care; endoscopy and hysteroscopy; menopausal bone health; legal issues affecting our practice; and much more. Access state-of-the-art guidance on the latest applications in diagnostic and interventional ultrasound - and many other essential aspects of today's practice - through detailed sections on the molecular biology of specific gynecologic malignancies and a new chapter on Fallopian Tube and Primary Peritoneal Cancer. Recognize the interactions and influences of female physiology on major disease processes with a new chapter on The Interaction of Medical Diseases and Female Physiology. Address every patient’s needs with the Emotional Issues in Gynecology chapter, now modified in partnership with a psychiatrist, and updated information on depression/anxiety treatment. |