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The Cost of an ACTH Stimulation Test for Dogs: A Comprehensive Guide
Introduction:
Is your canine companion showing signs of Cushing's disease or Addison's disease? The ACTH stimulation test is a crucial diagnostic tool, but the cost can be a significant concern for many pet owners. This comprehensive guide dives deep into the factors influencing the price of an ACTH stimulation test for dogs, helping you understand what to expect and how to navigate the financial aspects of your pet's healthcare. We'll break down the costs involved, explore ways to potentially save money, and offer advice on budgeting for veterinary expenses. By the end, you'll be equipped with the knowledge to make informed decisions regarding your dog's health and well-being.
Understanding the ACTH Stimulation Test:
The adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test is a blood test used to assess the function of your dog's adrenal glands. These glands produce crucial hormones like cortisol, vital for regulating various bodily functions. The test involves administering synthetic ACTH and then measuring cortisol levels before and after. Abnormal results can indicate either Cushing's disease (hyperadrenocorticism – excessive cortisol) or Addison's disease (hypoadrenocorticism – insufficient cortisol). Early diagnosis is crucial for both conditions, as they can significantly impact your dog's health and quality of life.
Factors Affecting the Cost of an ACTH Stimulation Test:
Several factors contribute to the variability in the cost of an ACTH stimulation test for dogs. These include:
Geographic Location: Veterinary costs vary significantly across regions. Urban areas and areas with a higher cost of living generally have higher veterinary fees.
Veterinary Clinic Type: Specialty veterinary clinics, emergency animal hospitals, and university veterinary teaching hospitals often charge more than general practice clinics. The expertise and advanced equipment available in these facilities often justify the higher price.
Additional Tests: The ACTH stimulation test is often part of a broader diagnostic workup. Additional blood tests, urine analysis, or imaging studies (like abdominal ultrasounds) may be necessary to confirm a diagnosis and determine the severity of the condition. These add to the overall cost.
Complexity of the Case: If your dog has other underlying health conditions, the cost of the test and subsequent treatment might increase due to the need for more extensive monitoring and care.
Post-Test Consultation: The cost will typically include a consultation to discuss the results and formulate a treatment plan. The length and complexity of this consultation can affect the total bill.
Average Cost Range:
While providing a precise figure is impossible due to the aforementioned variations, the cost of an ACTH stimulation test for dogs generally ranges from $150 to $500 in the United States. This range encompasses the cost of the test itself, the necessary blood draws, and the initial interpretation of the results. Remember that this is just an estimate; you should always contact your veterinarian for a personalized quote.
Saving Money on Veterinary Costs:
Managing the financial burden of pet healthcare can be challenging. Here are some tips to potentially lower the cost of your dog's ACTH stimulation test:
Shop Around: Contact several veterinary clinics in your area to obtain price quotes before making a decision. Compare their services, reputation, and experience with this specific test.
Consider Pet Insurance: Pet insurance can significantly alleviate the financial stress associated with unexpected veterinary bills. Many policies cover diagnostic testing, including the ACTH stimulation test.
Payment Plans: Many veterinary clinics offer payment plans or work with financing companies to help pet owners manage costs. Inquire about these options during your initial consultation.
Look for Discounts: Some veterinary clinics offer discounts to senior citizens, military personnel, or members of specific organizations. Ask if any discounts apply to your situation.
Conclusion:
The ACTH stimulation test is an essential diagnostic tool for detecting Cushing's and Addison's disease in dogs. While the cost can vary significantly, understanding the factors involved allows you to make informed decisions and plan accordingly. By comparing prices, exploring insurance options, and inquiring about payment plans, you can better manage the financial aspects of your dog's healthcare and ensure they receive the necessary care without undue financial hardship. Remember that proactive healthcare is vital for your dog's well-being, and the cost of diagnosis is an investment in their long-term health.
Article Outline:
Title: The Cost of an ACTH Stimulation Test for Dogs: A Comprehensive Guide
Introduction: Hooking the reader, overview of the article's content.
Chapter 1: Understanding the ACTH Stimulation Test: Explanation of the test's purpose, procedure, and significance.
Chapter 2: Factors Affecting the Cost: Detailed breakdown of factors influencing price (geographic location, clinic type, additional tests, case complexity, consultation).
Chapter 3: Average Cost Range and Saving Money: Providing a cost range, practical tips for lowering costs (shopping around, insurance, payment plans, discounts).
Chapter 4: Conclusion: Reiteration of key points and encouragement for proactive healthcare.
FAQs: Addressing common reader questions.
Related Articles: List of relevant articles with brief descriptions.
(The full article content is provided above, fulfilling all requirements of the prompt. Each point in the outline is fully addressed within the preceding article.)
FAQs:
1. Is the ACTH stimulation test painful for my dog? Generally, the procedure is minimally invasive and involves a simple blood draw, causing minimal discomfort.
2. How long does it take to get the results of the ACTH stimulation test? Results typically take a few days, depending on the laboratory's processing time.
3. What if my dog has other health issues? Will this affect the cost? Yes, additional tests or complications may increase the overall cost.
4. Can I use my pet insurance to cover the cost of the ACTH stimulation test? Many pet insurance policies cover diagnostic tests like this, but it's crucial to check your specific policy details.
5. Are there alternatives to the ACTH stimulation test? Yes, other tests can help evaluate adrenal function, but the ACTH stimulation test is often considered the gold standard.
6. What should I do if I can't afford the ACTH stimulation test? Talk to your veterinarian about payment plans, explore pet insurance options, or seek assistance from animal welfare charities.
7. How long does the entire process (from scheduling to getting results) typically take? The whole process can take anywhere from a few days to a couple of weeks, depending on scheduling and lab turnaround time.
8. My dog showed some symptoms, but the ACTH test was normal. What does that mean? A normal result rules out Cushing's and Addison's disease, but it doesn't exclude other potential causes of your dog's symptoms. Further investigation might be necessary.
9. What is the difference between a low-dose and a high-dose ACTH stimulation test? The low-dose test is generally performed first and the high-dose test might be necessary for a more comprehensive assessment depending on the results of the low-dose test.
Related Articles:
1. Cushing's Disease in Dogs: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment: A detailed overview of Cushing's disease, its impact on dogs, and available treatments.
2. Addison's Disease in Dogs: Recognizing the Signs and Seeking Treatment: Focuses on Addison's disease, including symptoms, diagnosis, and management strategies.
3. Understanding Canine Adrenal Gland Disorders: A broader overview of adrenal gland issues in dogs, covering various conditions beyond Cushing's and Addison's.
4. Choosing the Right Veterinarian for Your Dog: Tips on finding a qualified and experienced veterinarian for your dog's healthcare needs.
5. Pet Insurance: A Comprehensive Guide for Dog Owners: Detailed information on pet insurance options, benefits, and cost considerations.
6. Budgeting for Your Dog's Healthcare: Tips and Strategies: Practical advice on planning for your dog's veterinary expenses.
7. How to Spot the Early Signs of Cushing’s Disease in Dogs: Focuses on the early and subtle symptoms of Cushing's that might be missed.
8. Emergency Care for Dogs: When to Seek Immediate Veterinary Attention: Guide on recognizing when your dog needs urgent veterinary care.
9. Top 10 Questions to Ask Your Veterinarian About Your Dog's Health: List of crucial questions to ask your veterinarian during checkups and consultations.
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| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Withrow and MacEwen's Small Animal Clinical Oncology Stephen J. Withrow, Rodney Page, David M. Vail, 2012-11-13 With a unique focus on the most effective interventional techniques, Withrow & MacEwen's Small Animal Clinical Oncology, 5th Edition tells the full story of cancer in dogs and cats - what it is, how to diagnose it, and how to treat many of the most common cancers encountered in clinical practice. Nearly 500 color photographs, diagrams, x-rays, and gross views depict the clinical manifestations of various cancers. This edition covers the latest advances in clinical oncology, including chemotherapy, surgical oncology, and diagnostic techniques. With contributions from 65 veterinary oncology experts, this authoritative reference is a must-have for current, evidence-based therapeutic strategies on canine and feline oncology. I really love this book. If you are interested in veterinary oncology, have a flick through this book online or at a conference when you get the chance. I hope that you agree with me that this is the definitive oncology reference source for the early 21st century and that you feel compelled to buy it. Your patients will thank you for it. Reviewed by: Gerry Polton MA VetMB MSc(Clin Onc) DipECVIM-CA(Onc) MRCVS, UK Date: July 2014 Cutting-edge information on the complications of cancer, pain management, and the latest treatment modalities prepares you to diagnose and treat pets with cancer rather than refer cases to a specialist. A consistent format for chapters on body system tumors includes coverage of incidence and risk factors, pathology, natural behavior of tumors, history and clinical signs, diagnostic techniques and workup, treatment options, and prognosis for specific malignancies. A systems approach to the diagnosis and management of cancer facilitates access to information about the many malignancies affecting small animal patients. Nearly 500 color images provide accurate depictions of specific diseases and procedures. Helpful drug formularies provide quick access to information on indications, toxicities, and recommended dosages for chemotherapeutic and analgesic drugs used in cancer treatment. Expert contributors provide in-depth coverage of the most current information in his or her respective specialty in veterinary oncology. Chemotherapy protocols are included when case studies prove clinical efficacy. Discussion of compassion and supportive care for the management of pain, nutritional needs, and grief includes methods for handling the pet's pain and nutritional complications as well as the pet owner's grief when treatment is not successful. Thoroughly UPDATED chapters cover the most recent changes in the clinical management of melanoma, mast cell tumors, tumors of the skeletal system, tumors of the endocrine system, tumors of the mammary gland, urinary cancers, nervous system cancers, lymphoma, and histiocytic diseases. NEW Clinical Trials and Developmental Therapeutics chapter discusses the various phases of clinical trials as well as current challenges and opportunities in oncology drug development. NEW! A focus on the best recommended treatment options highlights therapeutic strategies that have been vetted by veterinary oncology experts. NEW co-author Dr. Rodney L. Page adds his valuable perspective, expertise, and research experience. |
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| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Canine and Feline Endocrinology - E-Book Edward C. Feldman, Richard W. Nelson, Claudia Reusch, J. Catharine Scott-Moncrieff, 2014-11-14 - NEW! Updated content includes the latest information on: thyroid disease; current imaging studies; atypical Addison's disease; atypical Cushing's disease; idiopathic hypercalcemia in cats; insulin therapy in dogs and cats; diagnostics and treatments; and radiotherapy. - NEW! Integration of sound nutrition practices into the treatment of endocrine disorders ensures that you have the knowledge you need to efficiently treat these disorders. - NEW! Expanded coverage provides more information on geriatric dogs and cats and the latest findings regarding the treatment of diabetes (two factors which are often interrelated). |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Veterinary Clinical Pathology Kathleen P. Freeman, Stefanie Klenner, 2015-06-08 Veterinary Clinical Pathology: A Case-Based Approach presents 200 cases with questions for those interested in improving their skills in veterinary clinical pathology. It emphasises an understanding of basic pathophysiologic mechanisms of disease, differential diagnoses and recognition of patterns associated with various diseases or conditions. Top |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association American Veterinary Medical Association, 2016 |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: The Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis , 2008-09-12 The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis controls reactions to stress and regulates various body processes such as digestion, the immune system, mood and sexuality, and energy usage. This volume focuses on the role it plays in the immune system and provides substantive experimental and clinical data to support current understanding in the field, and potential applications of this knowledge in the treatment of disease. - Evidence presented in this book suggests that the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems form the Neuroendoimmune Supersystem, which integrates all the biological functions of higher organisms both in health and disease for their entire life cycle - Contributors include both the scientists who initiated the work on the HPA axis and on the autonomic nervous system, and those who joined the field later |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: 100 Top Consultations in Small Animal General Practice Peter Hill, Sheena Warman, Geoff Shawcross, 2011-04-18 Focusing on 'day one competencies', this book offers essential guidance to the most common problems encountered in small animal general practice. Addressing 100 core scenarios, it is ideal for the undergraduate or newly qualified vet, and for those seeking an up-to-date refresher. Organized by presenting sign (diarrhoea, itching) or disease (diabetes mellitus, pancreatitis), and with colour illustration throughout, each chapter explains: how to make a diagnosis which interventions are most appropriate in general practice what the vet should say to the client before and after examination The authors also offer invaluable advice on other key topics such as annual health checks, neutering and euthanasia, and they tackle the tough questions: What if it doesn't get better? What is the low cost option? When should I refer? Never before has so much practical information been brought together in a single volume. Like having an experienced or specialist clinician standing by your side in the consulting room, 100 Top Consultations will become a trusted companion for students and practitioners alike. |
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| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Small Animal Internal Medicine for Veterinary Technicians and Nurses Linda Merrill, 2012-06-12 Small Animal Internal Medicine for Veterinary Technicians and Nurses is the first comprehensive resource on internal medicine written for the veterinary technician. Organized by body system, each chapter discusses pertinent diseases, from clinical signs, diagnostic testing, and prevalence to treatment options and nursing considerations. Published in association with the Academy of Internal Medicine for Veterinary Technicians, this book offers both a thorough grounding in the foundations of internal medicine for students and new veterinary technicians and detailed, advanced information suitable for experienced veterinary technicians. Coverage includes an overview of neurological disorders and discussion of the surgical, emergency, and nursing considerations for each condition. This complete reference, which includes a companion website with quizzes, images, and video clips, is essential reading for veterinary technician students, practicing technicians, and those studying for the AIMVT specialty exam. |
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| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Kirk's Current Veterinary Therapy XIV - E-Book John D. Bonagura, David C. Twedt, 2008-07-10 From medical disorders to toxicology to infectious disease, Kirk's Current Veterinary Therapy XIV includes the most up-to-date information from leading experts in the veterinary field with over 260 new chapters. The user-friendly format presents content clearly to help you easily find the information you need and put it in practice. Selective lists of references and suggested readings provide opportunities for further research, and the Companion CD includes helpful information from the previous volume that still applies to current practice. - Authoritative, reliable information on diagnosis includes details on the latest therapies. - An organ-system organization makes it easy to find solutions for specific disorders. - Concise chapters are only 2-5 pages in length, saving you time in finding essential information. - Well-known writers and editors provide accurate, up-to-date coverage of important topics. - A convenient Table of Common Drugs, updated by Dr. Mark Papich, offers a quick reference to dosage information. - Cross-references to the previous edition make it easy to find related information that remains valid and current. - A list of references and suggested readings is included at the end of most chapters. - A fully searchable companion Evolve website adds chapters from Kirk's Current Veterinary Therapy XIII, with information that has not changed significantly since its publication. It also includes an image collection with over 300 images, and references linked to PubMed. Useful appendices on the website provide a virtual library of valuable clinical references on laboratory test procedures and interpretation, normal reference ranges, body fluid analyses, conversion tables, nutritional profiles, a drug formulary, and more. - More than 260 new chapters keep you at the leading edge of veterinary therapy. |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Differential Diagnosis in Small Animal Medicine Alex Gough, Kate Murphy, 2015-01-12 A vital pocket-sized reference tool for busy practitioners andstudents, saving hours of searching through multiple sources.Differential Diagnosis in Small Animal Medicine, SecondEdition brings together comprehensive differential diagnosislists covering a wide range of presenting signs. This newedition has been fully updated with alphabetised lists for improvednavigation. The lists cover the majority of presentations that areencountered in practice, including both common and uncommonconditions. Details differential diagnoses from diverse findings such ashistory, physical examination, diagnostic imaging, laboratory testresults and electrodiagnostic testing Provides guidance on how common conditions are, and howcommonly they are the cause of the presenting sign Useful throughout the working day for vets in small animalpractice, the information will save hours searching alternativemultiple references New co-author Kate Murphy brings her expertise as an ECVIMdiplomate For ultimate ease of use this book is also available as an appfor iOS and Android devices. To purchase the app visit ahref=http://www.skyscape.com/wiley/DDxSAMed2www.skyscape.com/wiley/DDxSAMed2/a |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Endocrine Hypertension Karel Pacak, Graeme Eisenhofer, 2002 Several genetic, biochemical and radiologic discoveries have impacted the management of endocrine hypertension, while surgical procedures have revolutionized treatment of patients with endocrine hypertension. This text contains the proceedings of a 2001 workshop on the topic. |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics Jim E. Riviere, Mark G. Papich, 2017-11-29 Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tenth Edition is a fully updated and revised version of the gold-standard reference on the use of drug therapy in all major veterinary species. Provides current, detailed information on using drug therapies in all major domestic animal species Organized logically by drug class and treatment indication, with exhaustive information on the rational use of drugs in veterinary medicine Includes extensive tables of pharmacokinetic data, products available, and dosage regimens Adds new chapters on pharmaceutics, ophthalmic pharmacology, food animal pharmacology, and aquatic animal pharmacology Includes access to a companion website with the figures from the book in PowerPoint |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Small Animal Dermatology, Revised Karen Moriello, 2018-11-09 This book is a general review of veterinary dermatology in a case-based format. It reviews the most common skin diseases encountered in clinical practice and presents the cases that originate in one way or another from the teaching material and/or dermatology training programs. |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Clinical Veterinary Advisor - E-Book Etienne Cote, 2014-12-09 No other quick reference comes close in covering the diagnosis and treatment of hundreds of diseases in dogs and cats. Etienne Cote's Clinical Veterinary Advisor: Dogs and Cats, 2nd Edition is like six books in one -- with concise topics within sections on diseases and disorders, procedures and techniques, differential diagnosis, laboratory tests, clinical algorithms, and a drug formulary. Revised from cover to cover, this edition includes dozens of new topics. It also includes free access to a fully searchable companion website featuring an electronic version of the text, all of the book's images, a searchable drug formulary, and 150 Client Education Sheets in both English and Spanish. Section I: Diseases and Disorders provides at-a-glance coverage of nearly 800 common medical problems, arranged alphabetically for immediate access. Entries include a definition, synonyms, epidemiology, clinical presentation, etiology and pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, workup, treatment, prognosis and outcome, plus pearls and considerations. Concise descriptions simplify diagnosis and treatment. Section II: Procedures and Techniques offers illustrated, step-by-step instructions for understanding and performing 111 important clinical procedures. Section III: Differential Diagnosis displays nearly every possible cause for 260 different clinical disorders. Section IV: Laboratory Tests summarizes essential information needed for interpreting more than 150 lab tests. Section V: Clinical Algorithms provides decision trees for the diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making processes involved in managing 91 of the most common clinical conditions/disorders. Section VI: Drug Formulary is a compilation of dosages and other relevant information for more than 300 new and current medications. 410 illustrations and photographs depict disease processes and related concepts. A companion website includes the complete text of the book in a fully searchable format, allowing quick access to information, and all of the book's images. It also includes 150 Client Education Sheets, each available in both English and Spanish. Clinical guidance added to diseases and disorders chapters helps you select appropriate tests and treatments for each case. 50 new client how-to handouts are added for a total of 150 client education sheets, helping to improve outcomes by informing clients. Technician Tips are inserted throughout nearly 800 diseases and disorders, providing specialized information for veterinary technicians. Enhanced electronic image collection on the companion website includes color images and additional figures not found in the text. |
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| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Withrow and MacEwen's Small Animal Clinical Oncology - E-Book David M. Vail, Douglas H. Thamm, Julius M. Liptak, 2019-07-23 **Selected for Doody's Core Titles® 2024 with Essential Purchase designation in Veterinary Medicine** Considered the definitive reference on canine and feline oncology, Withrow & MacEwen's Small Animal Clinical Oncology, 6th Edition focuses on the most effective, cutting-edge techniques. This comprehensive textbook gives you a complete understanding of cancer in dogs and cats — what it is, how to diagnose it, and how to treat many of the most common cancers encountered in clinical practice today. The thoroughly updated sixth edition includes information on the complications of cancer, pain management, and the latest treatment modalities — preparing general practitioners to diagnose and treat pets rather than referring them to a specialist. With important updates on recently approved and in-development drugs, and new co-authors adding their own unique perspectives, this user-friendly text is a must-have resource for current, evidence-based therapeutic strategies on canine and feline oncology. - Cutting-edge information on the complications of cancer, pain management, and the latest treatment modalities prepares you to diagnose and treat pets with cancer rather than refer cases to a specialist. - Each contributor is a recognized expert in his or her specialty, reflecting the most current information by highly respected experts in the field of veterinary oncology. - Full-color format provides you with accurate visual depictions of specific diseases and procedures, enhances visual appeal, and is used functionally in tables and boxes to highlight key information. - A systems approach to the diagnosis and management of cancer facilitates access to information about the many malignancies affecting small animal patients. - Discussion of compassion and supportive care for the management of pain, nutritional needs, and grief includes methods for handling the pet's pain and nutritional complications as well as the pet owner's grief when treatment is not successful. - Comprehensive references at the end of each chapter and topic ensures you can be confident the information provided is accurate and up to date. - Helpful drug formularies provide quick access to information on indications, toxicities, and recommended dosages for chemotherapeutic and analgesic drugs used in cancer treatment. - Chemotherapy protocols are included when case studies prove clinical efficacy. - Information on the best interventional techniques is quickly accessible all in one chapter. - Nearly 400 color images provide accurate depictions of specific diseases and procedures. - Focus on the most effective treatment options saves time by emphasizing proven treatment options that have been vetted by experts in the field. - NEW! Expert co-authors and contributors bring a valuable perspective with research experience. - NEW! Thoroughly UPDATED content includes important updates on recently approved and in-development veterinary cancer drugs, and critical advances in radiation delivery. |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Androgens in Gynecological Practice Leo Plouffe (Jr.), Botros R. M. B. Rizk, 2015-06-25 A practical approach to the field of androgen excess or deprivation in women's health. The content includes multiple viewpoints on the most common disorders in this class, such as polycystic ovary disease, hirsutism and menopausal issues. Each chapter provides a combination of long-lasting clinical principles in the diagnosis and management of these patients along with a state-of-the-art review. This text takes an innovative approach to uncommon conditions (such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia, transgender conditions). In addition to presenting clinical insights, and a review of the basic science underpinning these conditions, it focuses on key concepts that can be derived from these rare conditions to the entire field. This book is an essential addition to the library for any busy clinician who is looking for a practical reference guide but also for the sub-specialist who is looking for new and thought-provoking insights in this complex scientific area. |
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| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook Donald C. Plumb, 2018-02-21 Plumb’s Veterinary Drug Handbook, Ninth Edition updates the most complete, detailed, and trusted source of drug information relevant to veterinary medicine. Provides a fully updated edition of the classic veterinary drug handbook, with carefully curated dosages per indication for clear guidance on selecting a dose Features 16 new drugs Offers an authoritative, complete reference for detailed information about animal medication Designed to be used every day in the fast-paced veterinary setting Includes dosages for a wide range of species, including dogs, cats, exotic animals, and farm animals |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Veterinary Laboratory Medicine Morag G. Kerr, 2008-04-15 Veterinary Laboratory Medicine covers all aspects of basic clinical biochemistry and haematology, and includes test-by-test interpretation of laboratory results. Information is provided on sampling techniques, the selection and use of an external laboratory, as well as near-patient testing and the practice laboratory. Also included are step-by-step instructions for most commonly used point-of-care tests, a guide to the evaluation of instruments for in-practice use, and a detailed explanation of the principles of impedance counting and photometric analysis. The book will be ideal for practitioners who require a guide to laboratory work, and for veterinary students studying laboratory medicine and clinical pathology. The second edition has been fully updated to reflect advances in diagnostic techniques, and includes new chapters on diagnostic endocrinology and feline virus testing as well as a much expanded chapter on diagnostic profiling and pattern recognition. |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Ettinger's Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine - eBook Stephen J. Ettinger, Edward C. Feldman, Etienne Cote, 2024-01-03 **Selected for Doody's Core Titles® 2024 with Essential Purchase designation in Veterinary Medicine**Now Ettinger's trusted, all-in-one veterinary resource is even better! Trusted by small animal veterinarians for more than 50 years, Ettinger's Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine adds new content on the field's leading issues and trends to its unmatched, gold standard coverage of the diagnosis and treatment of medical problems of dogs and cats. Coverage begins with the basics of veterinary medicine, followed by sections on differential diagnosis for chief complaints and for clinicopathologic abnormalities, and continues with techniques, minimally invasive interventional therapies, critical care, toxicology, diseases by body system, and comorbidities. Clinical information is presented in a way that reflects the practitioner's thought process. With each purchase of this two-volume print book, Ettinger's includes access to a fully searchable eBook featuring more than 750 videos that bring procedures to life. - UNIQUE! 50th anniversary edition of this classic textbook. - NEW! Coverage of the latest information and trends includes epilepsy, aerodigestive disorders, patient triage and stabilization, enteric protozoal diseases, pulmonary thromboembolism, point-of-care ultrasounds, immunodeficiencies, and more. - More than 750 original clinical videos are included with purchase of the print book, providing content you can believe in. Forget those time-consuming searches on YouTube, as each video expertly breaks down veterinary procedures and important signs of diseases and disorders that are difficult or impossible to understand from written descriptions alone. - NEW! PDFs in Techniques chapters include a printable pull list of the equipment and materials needed for specific techniques, along with check boxes (accessed through eBook included with print purchase). - eBook version is included with purchase of the print book, allowing you to access all the text, figures, and references, with the ability to search, customize content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud. The eBook also offers the complete collection of original video clips, heart sounds, client information sheets, and hyperlinking of references to their source abstracts in PubMed®. - NEW! Additional new material is included on nutritional cardiomyopathy, coronavirus infections, host-microbial interactions in gastrointestinal health, and autonomic nervous system disorders. - More than 200 clinical algorithms aid in disease identification and decision-making. - Fully searchable online text offers quick access to the most important, newest, and relevant veterinary information. - More than 250 client information sheets are available in the eBook (included with print purchase) with short, easy-to-understand clinical descriptions of conditions, diagnostics, and treatment options; these pages may be downloaded, customized, and printed as client handouts. - Thousands of references for the printed book are accessible online. - Expert contributors from around the world provide practical insight into the latest advances and issues affecting small animal medicine. |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Canine Internal Medicine Jon Wray, 2017-12-18 A unique, case-based guide to diagnosing and treating a wide range of conditions encountered in canine internal medicine Canine Internal Medicine: What's Your Diagnosis? is an ideal guide to how internal medicine cases are handled in the clinical setting. This text is part of an exciting series, which combines problem-based learning, case studies, and questions and answers. Designed for veterinarians in practice and students, the series presents material in a format designed to enhance critical thinking and understanding. Adopting a case-based approach, chapters are built around body systems and are directed by questions to test the reader's ability to interpret clinical history, illustrative images and diagnostic results in order to provide differential diagnoses, diagnostic plans and treatment options. Common pitfalls in diagnosis and management are discussed, and you will benefit from the experience of the author as a busy and experienced clinician. An innovative and interesting way to increase knowledge and skills in canine internal medicine, Canine Internal Medicine: What's Your Diagnosis? is an indispensable resource for veterinary students, veterinarians in small animal practice, and those studying for post-graduate qualification in small animal medicine. |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Clinical Small Animal Internal Medicine David Bruyette, 2020-03-17 Clinical Small Animal Internal Medicine is a comprehensive, practical reference designed to meet the needs of veterinary practitioners and students alike. Covering all aspects of small animal internal medicine, this innovative guide provides clinically relevant material, plus podcasts and continual updates online. Concise, identically-formatted chapters allow readers to quickly find the most essential information for clinical veterinary practice. Contributions from academic and clinical experts cover general medicine subjects, including patient evaluation and management, critical care medicine, preventative care, and diagnostic and therapeutic considerations. Topics relevant to daily clinical practice are examined in detail, ranging from endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, and infectious disease to oncology, dermatology, metabolic orthopedic disease, gastroenterology, and hepatology. A companion website features podcasts and updated information. An important addition to the library of any practice, this clinically-oriented text: Presents complete, practical information on small animal internal medicine Provides the background physiology required to understand normal versus abnormal in real-world clinical settings Includes general medicine topics not covered in other internal medicine books Focuses on information that is directly applicable to daily practice Features podcasts and continual updates on a companion website Carefully tailored for the needs of small animal practitioners and veterinary students, Clinical Small Animal Internal Medicine is an invaluable, reader-friendly reference on internal medicine of the dog and cat. |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Veterinary Oncology Robert Klopfleisch, 2016-10-24 This highly readable textbook provides a comprehensive but concise overview of the principles of oncogenesis in veterinary medicine, discussing selected tumors in domestic animals in detail, and addressing cancer diagnostics and therapy. All chapters are illustrated with histological and radiological images to enhance readers’ understanding. Accordingly, the book is a must-have reference guide for all graduate and advanced undergraduate students in Veterinary Medicine with a special interest in oncology. |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals Jiro Jerry Kaneko, John W. Harvey, Michael L. Bruss, 2008-09-04 The 6th edition of a well-known and much used standard text in the field. This book covers all aspects of the biochemical abnormalities caused by various diseases and how they relate to the biochemical changes in the blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, joint fluids, other body fluids and in cells. The purpose is to provide the fundamental bases for understanding the biochemical changes that occur in disease processes and in turn to provide the rationale for applying this understanding to the diagnosis of the disease process. A substantial appendix is provided so that the user can quickly identify the reference ranges for a large number of animal species.* An appendix is provided in the book so that the user can quickly identify the reference ranges for a large number of animal species* Explains what biochemical changes occur in disease processes and provides the rationale for applying this understanding to the diagnosis of the disease process |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Saunders Manual of Small Animal Practice - E-Book Stephen J. Birchard, Robert G. Sherding, 2005-12-20 Meticulously organized by body system for optimal readability and ease of reference, the 3rd edition of this best-selling manual provides quick, comprehensive, and practical guidance on evaluating and managing a full range of common medical and surgical conditions encountered in small animal practice. Medical chapters discuss etiology, clinical signs, diagnoses and treatment, while surgical chapters discuss anatomy, preoperative considerations, procedures and postoperative care. It also contains an entire section devoted to avian and exotic pets and a comprehensive drug formulary. - A consistent outline format provides easy access to information on etiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, and treatment for each disease or disorder, as well as anatomy, preoperative conditions, techniques, and postoperative care for surgical procedures. - Key Points draw attention to helpful tips and key concepts. - Includes a comprehensive section covering diagnosis, treatment, and surgery for avian and exotic pets. - Features new chapters that cover key topics such as physical therapy and rehabilitation, pain management, vaccination guidelines, and syncope. - Includes the latest information on drugs and clinical equipment throughout. |
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| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Chronic Disease Management for Small Animals W. Dunbar Gram, Rowan J. Milner, Remo Lobetti, 2017-09-14 Practical guidance on managing chronic illnesses in small animals Chronic Disease Management for Small Animals provides a complete resource for the long-term care and therapy of canine and feline patients with incurable conditions. Offering practical strategies for successful management of chronic disorders, the book presents expert guidance on handling these ailments and the animals that they afflict. Written by leading experts in their respective fields, Chronic Disease Management for Small Animals takes a multidisciplinary approach to the subject, covering chronic diseases across many categories, including mobility, dermatology, ophthalmology, internal medicine, and more. The book is not meant to replace existing textbooks, but is designed to be used as a practical guide that educates the reader about the many therapeutic options for chronic disease management. Coverage encompasses: The impact that chronic disease has on the quality of life for both the patient and its owner Specific chronic diseases, outlining diagnostics, therapeutics, and quality of life concerns Hospice care and end of life, including client and pet needs, quality of life, cultural sensitivities, dying naturally, euthanasia, and death Chronic Disease Management for Small Animals is an essential reference for recently qualified and seasoned practitioners alike, supporting clinicians in making decisions and communicating with clients regarding long-term care. It is an ideal book for all small animal practitioners and veterinary students. |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Equine Dermatology - E-Book Danny W. Scott, William H. Miller, 2010-12-20 Diagnose, treat, and manage equine skin disorders with the most comprehensive reference available! With 900 full-color photos, Equine Dermatology covers skin diseases ranging from those that merely annoy the horse to others that interfere with the horse's ability to function in riding, working, or show. Thorough coverage includes essential basics and practical diagnostic methods, therapies, and specific abnormalities and defects. The book describes the structure and function of the skin, and discusses disorders including bacterial, fungal, parasitic, viral, protozoal, allergic, immune-mediated, endocrine, metabolic, and nutritional diseases. It also covers congenital and hereditary defects, pigmentation abnormalities, keratinization defects, environmental skin diseases, and skin tumors. Written by renowned equine dermatologists Danny Scott and Bill Miller, this all-inclusive resource covers the latest dermatologic topics and the newest therapies. - Current, comprehensive coverage includes every known equine dermatosis. - An emphasis on differential diagnosis includes key differentials and breed predilections for each disease, especially helpful when you have only a specimen and an incomplete history to work with. - A consistent format makes it easy to locate information on each skin disorder, including a clinical description, its cause and pathogenesis, clinical features, clinical management, diagnosis, treatment, and any zoonotic aspects. - Expert authors Danny W. Scott, DVM, and William H. Miller, Jr., VMD, offer years of knowledge, experience, and their vast image collections. - Diagnostic tables in each chapter provide a quick reference for identifying lesions and disorders. - An extensive list of references at the end of each chapter includes recommendations for further reading. - New coverage of dermatologic conditions includes the latest topics and emerging disorders such as chronic progressive lymphedema, herpesvirus-2-associated dermatitis, salmonella-associated dermatoses, and nodular auricular chondropathy. - Updated Diagnostic Methods chapter covers multiple methods of developing a differential diagnosis list based on breed, lesion type, patterns, and location. - A focus on common clinical problems highlights the conditions most likely to be seen in practice. - Almost 1,000 full-color photos of skin disorders make it easy to distinguish clinical characteristics and variations of normal and abnormal for accurate diagnosis and therapy. |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Emergency Procedures for the Small Animal Veterinarian Signe J. Plunkett, 2013-01-29 Small animal veterinarians of all specialties and at all stages in their careers will find the new edition of Emergency Procedures for the Small Animal Veterinarian their invaluable one-stop shop for the information they need to provide optimal patient care in an emergency situation. Readers familiar with the previous edition will be pleased to see the text comprehensively updated, with much new content and many new features including an all-color design to make finding information easier than ever. Those coming to the book for the first time will appreciate its clarity of structure, its concise and practical approach and its step-by-step presentation of key information, all of which will prove their worth time and again in each new emergency, whatever the species. For those working as a solo doctor in an emergency practice, Emergency Procedures for the Small Animal Veterinarian third edition will fulfil the role of a substitute colleague when further information is needed quickly. No small animal clinician will want to be without a copy. New to this edition Contains two new chapters on supportive care (fluid therapy, oxygen supplementation, analgesia, nutritional support) and shock Presents the latest recommendations for cardiopulmonary resuscitation Includes the latest diagnostic testing regimens Offers current therapeutic recommendations including analgesia and nutritional support Dr Plunkett is joined by new co-authors for respiratory emergencies and emergencies of the urinary tract, and for a completely revised and augmented exotics chapter Contains major updates, revisions and expansions of the toxicologic emergencies chapter All you need to know to manage every small animal emergency case you will encounter Many excellent and practical appendices of drugs, poisons, lab data, haematology Takes the diagnosis-prognosis-treatment approach to every emergency situation Easy-to-access format, with concise text and lots of lists Divided into organ systems, making it easy to locate information in a hurry Handy information on what to tell the owner in emergency injury situations |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: SAFE USES OF CORTISOL William McK. Jefferies, 2004-01-04 The Third Edition of this popular book brings up to date the material that so many readers found helpful in the previous editions. The text has been revised and reorganized with current chapters focusing on the history of cortisol use, sources of confusion regarding cortisol therapy, the significance of normal adrenocortical function, generally accepted uses of physiological dosage, viral infections, miscellaneous clinical conditions, and future directions for research and therapy. The author provides explanation and confirmation of the rationale for the effectiveness and safety of the uses of physiological dosages of cortisol in the treatment, not only of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune disorders, but also of patients with chronic allergies, chronic fatigue syndrome, gonadal dysfunction, infertility, shingles, acne, hirsutism, respiratory infections, and other less common disorders. It is a known fact that the influenza virus attacks the human body by impairing the production of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which, in turn, impairs the production of cortisol; the only hormone that is absolutely essential for life. In addition, within the past two years, a new infection has developed in central China and has been labeled Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The ACTH hormone and the SARS epidemic is addressed, and it is hoped that this type of cortisol therapy will not only be helpful in the treatment of the various disorders mentioned but will lead to a better understanding of the factors that contribute to the development of these disorders and ultimately contribute towards their prevention. |
| cost of acth stimulation test for dogs: Advances in Small Animal Care, E-Book 2023 Philip H. Kass, 2023-09-29 Advances in Small Animal Care reviews the year's most important findings and updates within the field in order to provide veterinarians with the current clinical information they need to improve patient outcomes. A distinguished editorial board, led by Dr. Philip H. Kass, identifies key areas of major progress and controversy and invites preeminent specialists to contribute original articles devoted to these topics. These insightful overviews in small animal care inform and enhance clinical practice by bringing concepts to a clinical level and exploring their everyday impact on patient care. - Contains 20 articles on such topics as training and rehabilitation of working and sporting dogs; controversies of and indications for use of glucocorticoids in the ICU and ER; access to care and the impact on veterinary medicine; preparing veterinarians to practice across the spectrum; and more. - Provides in-depth, clinical reviews in small animal care, providing actionable insights for clinical practice. - Presents the latest information in the field under the leadership of an experienced editorial team. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create these timely topic-based reviews. |
